Chapter 4 - Cells and Energy

Question 1

Definition of ADP

Answer 1

A low-energy molecule that can be converted into ATP by the addition of a phosphate group.

Question 2

Definition of Chemosynthesis

Answer 2

Process by which some organisms use chemical energy instead of light emergent to make energy-storing molecules.

Question 3

Definition of Photosynthesis

Answer 3

The process that captures energy from the sunlight

Question 4

Definition of chlorophyll

Answer 4

A molecule in the chloroplast that absorbs some energy in visible light.

Question 5

definition of thylakoids

Answer 5

Grana is stocks of coin shaped membrane enclosed compartments.

Question 6

definition of light dependent reactions

Answer 6

Capture energy from sunlight. Takes place in thylakoids

Question 7

definition of light independent reactions

Answer 7

use energy from the light dependent reactions to make a glucose

Question 8

Definition of photo system

Answer 8

Energy captured and transferred in the thylakoid membrane’s by two groups

Question 9

Definition of electron transport chain

Answer 9

series of proteins in the membrane of the thylakoid

Question 10

definition of ATP synthase

Answer 10

enzyme that catalyzes the reaction that adds a high-energy phosphate group to ADP to form ATP

Question 11

Calvin cycle definition

Answer 11

uses carbon dioxide to make gas from the atmosphere and the energy carried by ATP to make glucose

Question 12

Definition of ATP

Answer 12

A molecule of energy and it transfers energy from the breakdown of food molecules to cell functions

Question 13

what are the three most common molecules broken down to make ATP

Answer 13

carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins

Question 14

how are carbohydrates lipids and proteins different

Answer 14

carbohydrates: quick energy
lipids : stores energy
proteins : amino acids together

Question 15

Explain how chemosynthesis is different compared to photosynthesis

Answer 15

photosynthesis uses 95% of all sunlight energy on earth which is different from chemo synthesis because it only uses can 5% of chemical energy

Question 16

Why do plants perform photosynthesis

Answer 16

plants perform photosynthesis to produce sugar

Question 17

what is the original source of energy for planet

Answer 17

sunlight

Question 18

through what structure does gas get into and out of the planet

Answer 18

The stroma of a leaf

Question 19

where in the chloroplast are the reactants used during photosynthesis

Answer 19

Thylakoid membrane also known as grana (light Dependent reaction)

Question 20

where in the chloroplast are the products created during photosynthesis

Answer 20

light independent reactions / stroma

Question 21

Describe chlorophyll and explain how it helps in the process of photosynthesis

Answer 21

Green pigment molecule, absorbs blue, Violet, and red. And that energy absorbed helps make NADPH and ATP.