Chapter 4 - Cells Flashcards
Explain the cell theory.
The cell theory is the theory that states that all living things consist of cells, that the cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life, and that all cells come from pre-existing cells.
What is a cell?
The basic structural and functional unit of life.
Define magnification.
The degree to which the appearance of a specimen is enlarged.
What is the field of view?
The visible area of the specimen seen through the eyepiece of a compound microscope.
What is an organelle?
A small structure found within a cell; performs a specific function in a cell.
What is cytoplasm?
The watery substance in a cell in which the organelles are suspended; also used for transport and chemical reactions.
What is the cell membrane?
The part of a cell that surrounds and holds the cell contents together; controls movement of substances into and out of a cell.
What is the nucleus?
The control centre in a cell; stores the genetic information that directs all the cell’s functions.
What are chromosomes?
Chromosomes are the rod-like structures in the nucleus of a cell: contain the genetic information of a cell.
What is a vacuole?
A membrane-surrounded storage compartment in a cell; stores food, water, and other materials.
What are the two organelles that ONLY plant cells have?
Chloroplasts and the Cell Wall
Define the cell wall.
A structure surrounding plant cells that protects and supports the cell; made of cellulose. Only found in plant cells.
What are the chloroplasts?
The site of photosynthesis; chloroplasts in a plant cell absorb sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to make food.
What are flagella?
Flagella are tail-like structures that propel cells through their environment.
What are cilia?
Cilia are hair-like projections that help propel the cell or move the substances surrounding the cell.
