Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biology > Chapter 4- Cell Struture and Function > Flashcards

Chapter 4- Cell Struture and Function Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Cell Theory consists of three principles what are they?

A
  1. Every organism is made up of one or more cells.
  2. The smallest organisms are single cells, and cells, and cells are the functional units of multicellular organisms.
  3. All cells arise from preexisting cells.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

I make up the cells of the bodies of animals, plants, protists, and fungi who am I?

A

Eukaryotic Cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Within__________organisms exist a huge variety of___________cells specialized to perform different__________- this section will focus on ______and __________cells.

A 
Multicellular 
Eukaryotic
Functions
Plant
Animal
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

8 Major Features of Eukaryotic cells

A 
Cell Walls
Cytoskeleton
Cilia and Flagella
Nucleus
Endomembrane system
Golgi apparatus
Vacuoles
Mitochondria
Chloroplasts
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Who am I? I am nonliving, relatively stiff outer coating found in plants, fungi, and some protists that is secreted outside the plasma membrane.

A

Cell walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Cells Walls function and describe

A

To protect the delicate plasma membrane and its contents. Plant cell walls are perforated by openings called plasmodesmata that connect adjacent cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What am I? I am the scaffolding of protein fibers within the cytoplasm.

A

Cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Three categories of cytoskeletal proteins

A

Microfilaments
Intermediate filaments
Microtubles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

4 functions of cytoskeleton

A

Cell shape
Cell movement
Organelle movement
Cell division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Who am I? I support and determine the shape of the cell in animal cells primarily since they lack cell walls.

A

Cell Shape

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Who am I? I occur when microfilaments or microtubules assemble, disassemble, or slide past one another. Give an example.

A

Cell Movement

Example: movement of cilia and flagella

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the organelle movement?

A

Transportation of organelles form place to place within the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is cell division?

A

Guide chromosome movement and separation of the dividing cell into two daughter cells.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the Nucleus?

A

Contains DNA and is the control center of the cell.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

3 major parts of the nucleus

A

Nuclear envelope, chromatin, and the nucleolus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Define Nuclear envelope

A

the double membrane that isolates the nucleus from the rest of the cell and allows passage of large molecules.

17
Q

Who am I? I consists of chromosomes made of DNA molecules and their associated proteins.

A

Chromatin

18
Q

What do genes on DNA do?

A

Provide a molecular blueprint for the synthesis of a huge variety of proteins.

19
Q

Define Nucleolus.

A

Site where ribosomes are made

20
Q

What am I? Loosely connected compartments within the cytoplasm and includes the nuclear envelope, vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus and lysosomes.

A

Endomembrane System

21
Q

_______ are small temporary ____ made of membrane that ____ biological molecules throughout the ____________ system. They may ____ with the plasma membrane, exporting their contents_______ the cell.

A 
Vesicles
Sacs
Ferry
Endomembrane
Fuse
Outside
22
Q

___________ _________ (ER) are a series of ______________ membranes that form a labyrinth of flattened sacs and channels within the _________; plays a major role in synthesizing, _________, and transporting biological molecules throughout the cell.

A

Endoplasmic reticulum
Interconnected
Cytoplasm
Modifying

23
Q

Rough __ emerges from the _________- covered outer ______ membrane

A

ER
Ribosome
Nuclear

24
Q

______ ER lacks ribosomes and is ______ in most cells, but ________ and specialized in certain cells.

A

Smooth
Scarce
Abundant

25
Q

Golgi Apparatus define.

A

A specialized set of membranes that act like finishing rooms of a factory: where the final touches are added to products to be packaged and exported.

26
Q

Fill in the blanks.
________ from the rough __ fuse with the receiving side of the ______ _________ and empty their contents into the Golgi sacs.

A

Vesicles
ER
Golgi apparatus

27
Q

Fill in the blanks.

The _______ synthesized in the _____ ER are further modified.

A

Protein

Rough

28
Q

Fill in the blanks.

Finally, ________ bud off from the Golgi, ________ away the products for use in the cell or ______ out of the cell.

A

Vesicles
Carrying
Export

29
Q

What are Lysosomes?

A

Are membrane-bound sacs that digest food ranging from individual proteins to microorganisms such as bacteria- they also assist in the removal of defective organelles by digesting them.

30
Q

What are Vacuoles? What are they in?

A

Some are large temporary vesicles such as food vacuoles, but permanent vacuoles exist in the following: Freshwater protists and Plants

31
Q

Plants have a large central vacuole that serve several functions what are they?

A

Waste storage for the cell
Stores sugars and amino acids
Provide support for cell, especially the non-woody parts of a plant.

32
Q

Water pressure within the vacuole is called______ _________

A

Turgor Pressure

33
Q

What is known as the “powerhouses” of the cell and why?

A

Mitochondria- because they extract energy from food molecules and store it in the high-energy bonds of ATP

34
Q

Mitochondria found in large numbers in _____________ active cells such as muscle cells

A

Metabolically

35
Q

Mitochondria has a ____ membrane and its own ___

A

Double

36
Q

What are chloroplasts?

A

Found in plants and some protists, are the sites for photosynthesis which captures sunlight and provides the energy to power life transferring the energy to ATP and other energy molecules.

37
Q

Prokaryotic cells lack the membrane-surrounded organelles that are the most prominent internal feature of eukaryotic cells most are one of three. Name the three.

A

Rod-shaped bacilli
Spiral-shaped spirilla
Spherical cocci

Biology (3 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions