Chapter 4 Cell Reproduction Vocabulary Words

Question 1

asexual reproduction

Answer 1

A new organism (sometimes more than one) is produced from one organism.

Question 2

chromosome

Answer 2

A structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material.

Question 3

diploid

Answer 3

Cells that have pairs of similar chromosomes.

Question 4

fertilization

Answer 4

The joining of an egg and a sperm.

Question 5

gene

Answer 5

A section of DNA on a chromosome.

Question 6

haploid

Answer 6

Cells that don’t have pairs of chromosomes.

Question 7

meiosis

Answer 7

Produces haploid sex cells.

Question 8

mitosis

Answer 8

The process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei.

Question 9

mutation

Answer 9

Any permanent change in the DNA sequence of a gene or chromosome of a cell.

Question 10

sexual reproduction

Answer 10

When two sex cells, sometimes called an egg and a sperm, come together,

Question 11

sperm

Answer 11

Formed in the male reproductive organs.

Question 12

RNA

Answer 12

The code for making proteins that are carried from the nucleus to the Ribosomes by another type of nucleic acid called ribonucleic acid.

Question 13

zygote

Answer 13

The cell that forms after fertilization.

Question 14

egg

Answer 14

Formed in the female reproductive organs.

Question 15

DNA

Answer 15

Contains information for an organisms growth and function.

Question 16

Parent cell

Answer 16

The original cell.

Question 17

Daughter cell

Answer 17

2 new cells that are created after cell division process.

Question 18

Cytokinesis

Answer 18

When the cytoplasm and organelles finish their divisions and daughter cells are formed.

Question 19

Apoptosis

Answer 19

The death of cells.

Question 20

Spinal Fibers

Answer 20

The filaments that form the mitotic spindle in cell division.

Question 21

Centrioles

Answer 21

A small structure made of microtubules which exists as part of the centrosome.

Question 22

Interphase

Answer 22

The phase when cells grow and develop and its DNA replicates. Where they spend most of its time.

Question 23

Prophase

Answer 23

When the spindle fibers form in the cell, the chromosomes coil up in the nucleus, and the nuclear membrane disappears.

Question 24

Metaphase

Answer 24

When the spindle fibers attach to the centrioles and the chromosomes line up along center of the cell.

Question 25

Anaphase

Answer 25

When the spindle fibers pull chromosomes to opposite poles.

Question 26

Telophase

Answer 26

When the spindle fibers start to disappear, nuclear membrane forms around chromosomes, and two new nuclei are formed.