Chapter 4 Cell Reproduction Flashcards
Asexual reproduction
A new organism is produced from one organism.
Chromosome
A structure in the nucleus that contains hereditary material.
Diploid
When cells have pairs of similar chromosomes.
DNA
a self-replicating material that is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.
Egg
Formed in the female reproductive organs.
Fertilization
The joining of an egg and sperm.
Gene
The instructions for making a specific protein in a gene which is a section of DNA on as chromosome.
Haploid
Sex cells do not have pairs of chromosomes, they are said to be haploid.
Meiosis
A process that produces haploid sex cells.
Mitosis
The process in which the nucleus divides to form two identical nuclei.
Mutation
Any permanent change in the DNA sequence of the gene or chromosome of a cell.
RNA
The codes for making proteins are carried from the nucleus to the ribosomes by another type of nuclei acid called ribonucleic acid.
Sexual reproduction
Two sex cells sometimes called an egg and a sperm, come together.
Sperm
Formed in the male reproductive organs.
Zygote
The cell that forms.
