Chapter 4 - Alkanes

Question 1

Parent Name for 1 Carbon

Answer 1

Methane

Question 2

Substituent Name for 1 Carbon

Answer 2

Methyl

Question 3

Parent Name for 2 Carbons

Answer 3

Ethane

Question 4

Substituent Name for 2 Carbons

Answer 4

Ethyl

Question 5

Parent Name for 3 Carbons

Answer 5

Propane

Question 6

Substituent Name for 3 Carbons

Answer 6

Propyl

Question 7

Parent Name for 4 Carbons

Answer 7

Butane

Question 8

Substituent Name for 4 Carbons

Answer 8

Butyl

Question 9

Parent Name for 5 Carbons

Answer 9

Pentane

Question 10

Parent Name for 5 Carbons

Answer 10

Pentyl

Question 11

Parent Name for 6 Carbons

Answer 11

Hexane

Question 12

Substituent Name for 6 Carbons

Answer 12

Hexyl

Question 13

Substituent Name for 7 Carbons

Answer 13

Heptyl

Question 14

Parent Name for 7 Carbons

Answer 14

Heptane

Question 15

Parent Name for 8 Carbons

Answer 15

Octane

Question 16

Substituent Name for 8 Carbons

Answer 16

Octyl

Question 17

Parent Name for 9 Carbons

Answer 17

Nonane

Question 18

Substituent Name for 9 Carbons

Answer 18

Nonyl

Question 19

Parent Name for 10 Carbons

Answer 19

Decane

Question 20

Substituent Name for 10 Carbons

Answer 20

Decyl

Question 21

Isobutyl Structure

Answer 21

Substituent with two branches on second carbon

Question 22

Secbutyl Structure

Answer 22

Substituent with two branches on first carbon

Question 23

Tert-butyl Structure

Answer 23

Substituent with three branches on first carbon

Question 24

Torsional Strain

Answer 24

strain from eclipsing Hydrogen atoms, creating a less stable molecule

Question 25

Steric Strain

Answer 25

strain from large, identical, eclipsing substitute groups

Question 26

Angle Strain

Answer 26

strain from angles diverging away from the optimal 109.5° of a tetrahedral formation

Question 27

What is the amount of energy in one C-H diaxial interaction?

Answer 27

3.8 kJ/mol

Question 28

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a cis-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 28

Both conformations are equally stable because they each have one axial methyl group and one equatorial methyl group

Question 29

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a cis-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 29

Both conformations are NOT equally stable because one conformation has two axial methyl groups and the other has two equatorial methyl groups *The conformation with two equatorial methyl groups is more stable*

Question 30

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a cis-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 30

Both conformations are equally stable because they each have one axial methyl group and one equatorial methyl group

Question 31

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a trans-1,2-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 31

Both conformations are NOT equally stable because one conformation has two axial methyl groups and the other has two equatorial methyl groups *The conformation with two equatorial methyl groups is more stable*

Question 32

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a trans-1,3-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 32

Both conformations are equally stable because they each have one axial methyl group and one equatorial methyl group

Question 33

Describe the stability between the two chair conformations of a trans-1,4-dimethylcyclohexane

Answer 33

Both conformations are NOT equally stable because one conformation has two axial methyl groups and the other has two equatorial methyl groups *The conformation with two equatorial methyl groups is more stable*