Chapter 4- A tour Of The Cell Flashcards
Magnification by definition is:
The increase in apparent size of an object
LM or light microscope is commonly used to:
Bend visible light through a specimen. Can be used on live subjects.
Resolution by definition is:
A measure of clarity of an image
How do Electron microscopes (EM) work and how are they used?
Uses a beam of electrons instead of light.
What does SEM stand for and what does it do?
Stands for scanning electron microscope. It is used to study the architecture of cell surfaces. Electron beam scans surface of cell(s) that have been coated in a thin film of metal. Emits electrons when hit by beam that are received as an image. Images are 3-D
What is a TEM and what does it do?
Transmission Electron Microscope. This studies the internal cell structure. Cells cut into thin strip and stained with heavy metal. Beam goes through specimen. electromagnets bend electron beam to magnify and focus image onto viewing screen.
What is the difference between prokaryotic cells and animal cells?
Besides the eukaryotic cell having more organelles, it also has a nucleus; an membrane bound structure (nuclear envelope) that the DNA resides in. Prokaryotic cells have a Nucleoid Region where their DNA resides. Prokaryotic cells are generally smaller and eukaryotic cells can be enormous and make up living organisms besides bacteria and viruses.
What is the plasma membrane?
The membrane that binds all cells
What is a ribosome and it’s function?
A tiny organelle that makes proteins according to instructions from the genes.
What are cell walls in prokaryotes and what is their purpose?
A rigid chemically complex layer under the capsule (not always present) of the prokaryote that is responsible for protecting the cell and to help maintain it’s shape.
What is a pilus (plural form is pili)?
A short projection from the capsule that helps prokaryotes attach to a surface.
What is the term for a long pili that is used to propel a prokaryote through a liquid environment?
Prokaryotic flagella
The cytoplasm is:
The fluid filled region between the nucleus and plasma membrane
Organelles are:
Specific structures throughout the cytoplasm, including the nucleus, with with a specific function in the cell.
What are some membranous organelles?
Golgi apparatus, mitochondrion, nucleus, SER, RER, lysosomes, peroxisome, plasma membrane.
