Chapter 4 Flashcards
Monogenic Disorder
Genetic disorders that are caused by mutation(s) of a single gene
Recombinant DNA techniques
The process of combining DNA from 2 or more sources; enzymes to cut DNA in specific places
Position-independant
describes the identification of a human disease gene through knowledge of its protein product
Positional Cloning
The mapping of a disease gene through its location in the human genome, without prior knowledge of its function
Functional cloning
Describes the identification of a human disease gene through knowledge of its protein product
Animal model
Allowed phenotypic traits in animals that appear in humans to be used to help identify genes in humans
Trinucleotide Repeat Disorder
A number of human diseases are caused by the expansion of trinucleotide repeats
Linkage analysis
Analyzing linkages to figure the position of a specific gene
Somatic Hybrid Panel
A technique involving the fusion of cells from two different species that result in the loss of chromosomes from one of the cell types and is used in assigning genes to particular chromosomes
Candidate Genes
A gene whose function or location suggests that it is likely to be responsible far a particular genetic disease or disorder
Human Genome Project
A major international collaborative effort to map and sequence the entire human genome
Gene map
used to determine the linear order of linked genes along the same chromosome
Linkage map
Allows scientists to find the approximate location for the disease causing gene
Restriction enzyme
An enzyme (a protein-endonuclease) that has the property to cut DNA at or near specific recognition nucleotide sequence (restriction site)
DNA Probe
A DNA sequence that is labeled, usually radioactively or fluorescently, and used to identify a gene ore DNA sequence
