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System Analysis and Design > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

random sample

A

A random sample is taken in a random,
unplanned manner. For example, a
random sample might be a sample that
selects any 20 custom

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2
Q

interview

A

A planned meeting during which
information is obtained from another
person.

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3
Q

personal information manager

A

A tool such as Microsoft Outlook that
helps manage tasks and schedules.
Many handheld devices also include this
function.

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4
Q

Open-ended questions

A 
Question that allows for a range of
answers. They encourage spontaneous
and unstructured responses, and are
useful in understanding a larger
process.
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5
Q

questionnaire

A

A document containing a number of
standard questions that can be sent to
many individuals. Also called a survey.

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6
Q

unstructured brainstorming

A

A group discussion where any

participant can speak at any time.

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7
Q

swim lanes

A

In a business process diagram, the
overall diagram is called a pool, and the
designated customer areas are called
swim lanes.

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8
Q

requirements planning phase

A

A phase that combines elements of the
systems planning and systems analysis
phases of the SDLC.

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9
Q

Research

A 
An important fact-finding technique.
Research can include the review of
journals, periodicals, and books to obtain
background information, technical
material, and news about industry
trends and developments
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10
Q

brainstorming

A

A fact-finding technique for gaining
information, through the use of a small
group discussion of a specific problem,
opportunity, or issue.

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11
Q

fill-in form

A

Form used to collect data on the

Internet or a company in

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12
Q

Outputs

A

Electronic or printed information

produced by an information system.

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13
Q

Zachman Framework for enterprise

Architecture

A

A model that asks the traditional factfinding questions in a systems
development context.

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14
Q

structured brainstorming

A

A group discussion where each
participant speaks when it is his or her
turn, or passes.

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15
Q

Closed-ended questions

A 
Question that limits or restricts the
range of responses. Used in the
interview process when specific
information or fact verification is
desired.
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16
Q

Rapid economic Justification (REJ)

A

A method for measuring total costs and
benefits developed by Microsoft and
used to analyze and optimize IT
investments.

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17
Q

functional decomposition diagram (FDD)

A

A top-down representation of business
functions and processes. Also called a
structure chart.

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18
Q

Document review

A

A review of baseline documentation. A
useful fact-finding technique that helps
an analyst understand how the current
system is supposed to work.

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19
Q

use case diagram

A

A visual representation that represents
the interaction between users and the
information system in UML (Unified
Modeling Language).

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20
Q

leading questions

A

Question that suggests or favors a

particular reply.

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21
Q

Scalability

A

Scalability means that a system can be
expanded, modified, or downsized easily
to meet the rapidly changing needs of a
business enterprise.

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22
Q

Security

A

Hardware, software, and procedural
controls that safeguard and protect a
system and its data from internal or
external threats.

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23
Q

systematic sample

A 
A sample that occurs at a
predetermined periodicity. For example,
every tenth customer record might be
selected as a systematic sample for
review
24
Q

system requirement

A

A characteristic or feature that must be
included in an information system to
satisfy business requirements and be
acceptable to users.

25
Q

Range-of-response questions

A

Closedended questions that asks the
person to evaluate something by
providing limited answers to specific
responses or on a numeric scale.

26
Q

Hawthorne Effect

A

A phenomenon where employees who
know they are being observed are more
productive.

27
Q

stratified sample

A 
A sample where a set metric is collected
across functional areas. For example, a
certain percentage of transactions from
every work shift, or five customers
from each of four zip codes, could be a
stratified sample.
28
Q

engaged listening

A 
The ability to really concentrate on
what someone is saying, and avoid the
temptation to hear what is expected.
Also includes noticing non-verbal
communication.
29
Q

Scrum

A 
A popular process with agile developers;
refers to a powerful effort to achieve
short-term goals, derived from a rugby
term. In Scrum, team members play
specific roles and interact in intense
sessions.
30
Q

user design phase

A

In this phase, users interact with
systems analysts and develop models
and prototypes that represent all
system processes, outputs, and inputs.

31
Q

Unified Modeling Language (UML)

A 
A widely used method of visualizing and
documenting software systems design.
UML uses object-oriented design
concepts, but it is independent of any
specific programming language and can
be used to describe business processes
and requirements generally.
32
Q

actor

A

An external entity with a specific role.
In a use-case model, actors are used to
model interaction with the system.

33
Q

Inputs

A

Necessary data that enters a system,
either manually or in an automated
manner.

34
Q

site visit

A

A visit to a physical location to observe

a system in use at another location.

35
Q

cutover phase

A 
A phase that resembles the final tasks in
the SDLC implementation phase,
including data conversion, testing,
changeover to the new system, and
user training.
36
Q

survey

A

A document containing a number of
standard questions that can be sent to
many individuals. Also called a
questionnaire

37
Q

observation

A

A fact-finding technique where an
analyst sees a system in action.
Observation allows the verification of
statements made in interviews.

38
Q

sequence diagram

A

A diagram that shows the timing of
transactions between objects as they
occur.

39
Q

construction phase

A

A phase that focuses on program and
application development tasks similar to
the SDLC.

40
Q

informal structure

A 
An informal structure usually is based on
interpersonal relationships and can
develop from previous work
assignments, physical proximity,
unofficial procedures, or personal
relationship
41
Q

Performance

A

System characteristics such as speed,
volume, capacity, availability, and
reliability.

42
Q

pool

A

In business process modeling notation
(BPMN), the overall diagram is called a
poo

43
Q

histogram

A

A common tool for showing the
distribution of questionnaire or
sampling results. It takes the form of a
vertical bar chart.

44
Q

sampling

A 
As it relates to information systems,
sampling is a process where an analyst
collects examples of actual documents
which could include records, reports, or
various form
45
Q

Productivity software

A

Software such as word processing,
spreadsheet, database management,
and presentation graphics programs.

46
Q

agile methods

A

A standard set of shapes and symbols
used to represent events, processes,
and workflows in computer-based
modeling tools.

47
Q

business process model (BPM)

A

A graphical representation of one or

more business processes.

48
Q

business process modeling notation

BPMN

A

A standard set of shapes and symbols
used to represent events, processes,
and workflows in computer-based
modeling tools.

49
Q

data flow diagram (DFD)

A

Diagram that shows how the system
stores, processes, and transforms data
into useful information.

50
Q

joint application development (JAD)

A 
A popular systems development
technique that uses a crossmatrixed
task group of users, managers and IT
professionals that work together to
gather information, discuss business
needs, and define the new system
requiremen
51
Q

personal information manager (PIM)

A

A tool such as Microsoft Outlook that
helps manage tasks and schedules.
Many handheld devices also include this
function.

52
Q

processes

A 
Procedure or task that users, managers,
and IT staff members perform. Also, the
logical rules of a system that are applied
to transform data into meaningful
information.
53
Q

rapid application development (RAD)

A 
A team-based technique that speeds up
information systems development and
produces a functioning information
system. RAD is similar in concept to joint
application development (JAD), but goes
further by including all phases of the
System Development Life Cycle (SDLC).
54
Q

requirements modeling

A 
Modeling that is used in the systems
planning phase of the SDLC. It involves
fact-finding to describe the current
system and identify the requirements
for the new system
55
Q

system requirements document

A 
A system requirements document, or
software requirements specification,
contains the requirements for the new
system, describes the alternatives that
were considered, and makes a specific
recommendation to managemen
56
Q

total cost of ownership (TCO)

A

A number used in assessing costs, which
includes ongoing support and
maintenance costs, as well as acquisition
costs.

System Analysis and Design (3 decks)

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