chapter 4

Question 1

water vapor

Answer 1

transforms into cloud droplets and ice crystals

Question 2

humidity

Answer 2

amount of water vapor in the air, not constant through time and space

Question 3

Evaporation

Answer 3

energy from the sun transforms enormous quantities of liquid water into water vapor

Question 4

condensation

Answer 4

water vapor changes back into liquid, forming clouds

Question 5

precipitation

Answer 5

rain, snow, or hail

Question 6

water cycle

Answer 6

Evaportation -> condensation->

precipitation

Question 7

saturation

Answer 7

total number of molecules escaping from evaporation are balanced by the number condensing

Question 8

Humidity

Answer 8

specific amount of water vapor in the air

Question 9

absolute humidity

Answer 9

mass of water vapor compared with the volume of air

Question 10

specific humidity \

Answer 10

mass of water vapor compared with the mass of air

Question 11

mixing ratio

Answer 11

mass of water vapor compared to with the mass of dry air

Question 12

actual vapor pressure

Answer 12

partial pressure of water vapor

Question 13

saturation vapor pressure

Answer 13

amount of water vapor necessary to make the air saturated at any given temperature

Question 14

partial pressure

Answer 14

the part of the total pressure exerted by just one component

Question 15

Relative humidity

Answer 15

ratio of water vapor in air to maximum amount of water vapor requird for saturation at that particular temperature

Question 16

Ways to change relative humidity?

Answer 16

increase water vapor -> increased relative humidity

decreased temperature -> increased relative humidity

Question 17

Dew point

Answer 17

the temp at which saturation occurs

Question 18

psychrometer

Answer 18

two liquid in glass thermometers mounted side by side and attached to a piece of metal that has either a handle or chain at on end

Question 19

hygrometer

Answer 19

hair hygrometer

Question 20

How is frost formed?

Answer 20

when dew point is at or below freezing

Question 21

Haze

Answer 21

layers of particles dispersed through a portion of the atmosphere

Question 22

fog

Answer 22

cloud resting near the ground when visibility lowers to less than 1 km

Question 23

radiation fog

Answer 23

earth cools and the temperature drops to the dew point, causing water to condense out of the air

Question 24

advection fog

Answer 24

warm, moist air moves over a colder surface(air coming off an ocean)

Question 25

Upslope fog

Answer 25

forms as moist air flows up along an elevated plain, hill, or mountain. it cools as it goes to higher altitudes, until it reaches its dew point.

Question 26

Evaporation fog

Answer 26

mixing of two unsaturated masses of air. At the boundary, the warmer air, which has more moisture becomes cooled and droplets condense out.