Chapter 4

Question 1

Bureaucracy

Answer 1

the collection of organizations including the military, the diplomatic corps, and the intelligence agencies- that carry out most tasks of governance within the state

Question 2

interest groups

Answer 2

groups of individuals with common interests that organize to influence public policy in a manner that benefits their members

Question 3

rally effect

Answer 3

the tendency for people to become more supportive of their country’s government in response to dramatic international events such as the crisis of war

Question 4

diversionary incentive

Answer 4

the incentive that state leaders have to start an international crisis in order to rally public support at home

Question 5

military-industrial complex

Answer 5

an alliance between military leaders and industries that benefits from international conflicts such as arms manufacturers

Question 6

democratic peace

Answer 6

the observation that there are few if any clear cases of war between mature democratic states

Question 7

Autocracy

Answer 7

a political system in which an individual or small group exercises power with few constraints and no meaningful competition or participation

Question 8

Democracy

Answer 8

a political system in which candidates compete for political office through frequent, fair elections in which a sizable portion of the adult population can vote

Question 9

Accountability

Answer 9

the ability to punish or reward leaders for the decisions they make, as when frequent fair elections enable voters to hold elected officials responsible for their actions by granting or withholding access to political office