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8th Grade History > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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1
Q

What was the main economic activity in all colonies?

A

Farming

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2
Q

What is subsistence farming?

A

Producing enough to meet the needs of families

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3
Q

What is commercial agriculture?

A

When larger amounts of crops are produced to make a profit

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4
Q

Why did New England farmers practice subsistence farming?

A

Thin Rocky soil and long winters

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5
Q

What were the two main industries of the New England colonies?

A

Ship Building and Fishing

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6
Q

What is the triangular trade?

A

A trade route in the shape of a triangle

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7
Q

What was the name of the slave transporting leg of the Triangular Trade?

A

The Middle Passage

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8
Q

Where was the hub of the shipping trade in America?

A

New England

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9
Q

What is a cash crop?

A

A crop sold easily in markets

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10
Q

What were the two main cash crops of the Middle Colonies?

A

Wheat and Oates

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11
Q

Which colonial region was known for its diverse population of German and Scotch-Irish citizens?

A

The middle colonies

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12
Q

What was the main cash crop in Virginia and Maryland?

A

Tobacco

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13
Q

What was the main cash crop in South Carolina and Georgia ?

A

Rice

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14
Q

What did rice and tobacco have in common (why slaves were used to harvest them)?

A

They were very labor intensive

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15
Q

What is supply and demand?

A

It’s what controls the prices of crops

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16
Q

What were the strict rules governing the behavior and punishment of slaves in the colonies?

A

Slave codes

17
Q

How did England view the colonies economically?

A

They viewed them as a resource

18
Q

How do you make money on trade?

A

You must export more than import

19
Q

What was important about the Navigation Acts?

A

It made sure that England made more money off of trade

20
Q

What established a limited government in the 13th century and inspired the US Constitution?

A

The Magna Carta

21
Q

Who was allowed to vote in the mid 1700’s in the colonies?

A

White men who owned property

22
Q

What was the religious revival that swept through the colonies?

A

The Great Awakening

23
Q

What was the Enlightenment?

A

Belief that knowledge, science, and reason could improve society

24
Q

What was the name of the book Benjamin Franklin wrote after being inspired by the Enlightenment?

A

Poor Richards Almanack

25
Q

Who was the newspaper publisher that was charged with a crime for accusing the governor of New York of being
corrupt?

A

John Peter Zenger

26
Q

Where is the land area that the British and French fought over because of the fur trade

A

The Ohio River Valley

27
Q

What was the most powerful group of Native Americans in the East?

A

The Iroquois

28
Q

Who was sent to tell the French to leave the Ohio River Valley and struck the first blow against the French?

A

George Washington

29
Q

What is a militia?

A

A group of soldiers trained to fight in emergencies

30
Q

What did the Albany Plan of Union want to do?

A

To help the colonies defend themselves from the French

31
Q

What was the name of the political cartoon that encouraged the colonies to approve the Albany Plan of Union?

A

“Join or die”

32
Q

What was the name of the war between the French and British in Europe?

A

“The Seven Years War”

33
Q

What is the name of the fort that the Cherokee burned down in modern day Tennessee?

A

Fort Loudoun

34
Q

What was the most important victory for the British in the F&I War?

A

The Battle of Quebec

35
Q

What did the Treaty of Paris 1763 do?

A

Ends the F&I war and is the end of French power in the U.S.

36
Q

Who was the Ottawa chief who believed the British were threatening their way of life?

A

Pontiac

37
Q

What did the Proclamation of 1763 do?

A

Halted western expansions by the settlers west of the Appalachian mountains to appease the North Americans.

38
Q

Why were many colonists upset over the Proclamation of 1763?

A

Some had already bought land west of the Appalachians and now Britain would ignore claims

39
Q

The John Peter Zenger Trial dealt with what personal liberty?

A

The Freedom of Press

8th Grade History (6 decks)

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