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Chapter 4 Weathering, soil and mass wasting > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

What are 3 external processes

A

Weathering
Mass wasting
Erosion

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2
Q

what fuels the external processes

A

powered by the energy of the sun

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3
Q

what are 5 types of mechanical weathering

A 
wind 
rain
Ice
salt crystal growth
Biological activity
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4
Q

what are the two types of weathering?

A

Mechanical and Chemical

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5
Q

What is salt crystal growth

A

evaporation of water saturated with salt creates salt crystals in cracks and joints of rocks

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6
Q

what is the most important agent in chemical weathering?

A

water

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7
Q

what is carbonic acid?

A

carbon dioxide dissolved in water

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8
Q

what oxidizes materials (minerals)

A

oxygen dissolved in water

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9
Q

Name 3 products from the chemical weathering of potassium feldspar

A

Clay minerals
soluble salt
silica in solution

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10
Q

Is quartz affected by chemical weathering?

A

no not at all

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11
Q

How does mechanical weathering aid chemical weathering

A

it increases the surface area

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12
Q

list 3 factors that are important to how a rock weathers

A

rock characteristics
climate
Differential weathering

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13
Q

In rates of weathering what 2 climate characteristics are the most important factors?

A

temperature and moisture

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14
Q

In general what area (region) is most affected by chemical weathering

A

areas of warm temperatures and abundant moisture

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15
Q

what causes rock to form spectacular formations such as the Mexican hat and Hoodoos

A

differential weathering

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16
Q

Name 5 controls of soil formation

A 
parent material 
time
climate
plants and animals 
topography
17
Q

where is soil production the greatest

A

steep topography

18
Q

list 5 causes of mass wasting

A 
gravity 
water
steep slopes 
removal of vegetation 
earthquakes
19
Q

what are the 3 types of motion in mass wasting

A

fall
flow
Slide

20
Q

what are the 5 types of mass wasting?

A 
slump
rockslide
debris flow (mud flow)
earth flow 
creep

Chapter 4 Weathering, soil and mass wasting (1 decks)

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