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A&P test 2 > chapter 4 > Flashcards

chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Simple Cuboidal Epithelium

A

covers surface of ovary; lines inner surface of cornea and lens of eye, kidney tubules and smaller ducts of many glands

c. Function; secretion and absorption

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2
Q
  1. Simple columnar epithelium (non-ciliated)
A

b. Location; lines stomach, small and large intestines, digestive glands and gall bladder.
c. Function; secretion and absorption

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3
Q
  1. Simple columnar epithelium (ciliated)
A

b. Location; lines a few portions of upper respiratory tract and the uterine (fallopian) tubes.
c. Function - Moves mucus by ciliary action.

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4
Q
  1. Stratified Squamous epithelium
A

b. Location; non-keratinizing variety lines wet surfaces such as mouth, esophagus, part of epiglottis, and vagina Keratinizing variety forms outer layer of skin (epidermis)
c. Function – protection

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5
Q

keratin

A

water proofs skin

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6
Q
  1. Stratified Cuboidal Epithelium
A

b. Location; ducts of adult sweat glands

c. Function – Protection/excretion

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7
Q
  1. Stratified columnar epithelium
A

b. Location – lines part of male urethra and some larger excretory ducts,
c. Function; protection and secretion

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8
Q
  1. Stratified Transitional Epithelium
A

b. Location; Lines urinary bladder

c. Function; permits distention

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9
Q
  1. Pseudostratified epithelium
A

b. Location; Lines larger excretory ducts of many large glands and male urethra; ciliated variety with goblet cells lines most of the upper respiratory tract and some ducts of male reproductive system
c. Function; secretion and movement of mucus by ciliary action.

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10
Q

D. Glandular Epithelium

A

liver and pancreas does both

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11
Q

Exocrine

A

product into duct

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12
Q

Endocrine

A

secretes hormone into blood

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13
Q

intercellular substance contains (a matrix )

A

a. fluid
b. semisolid
c. mucoid (mucus like)

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14
Q

general functions of connective tissue

A

connection, support, binding

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15
Q

loose conective tissue has what thee fibers

A

Collagenous, elastic, reticular

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16
Q

D. Dense connective tissue

A

has all three fibers but collagen predominates

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17
Q
  1. Embryo
A

first 8 wks

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18
Q

fetus

A

8 wks and up

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19
Q
  1. mesenchyme
A

embryonic connective tissue

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20
Q

areolar

A

binds skin to muscle layer benith

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21
Q

F. Adult Connective Tisssue function

A

c. Function; strength, elasticity, support, phagocytosis, produces antibodies, and an anticoagulant

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22
Q

a. Description; contains fibroblasts specialized for fat storage, cells have a “signet-ring” shape
b. Location; subcutaneous layer of skin, around heart and kidneys, marrow of long bones, padding around joints
c. Function; reduces heat loss through skin, serves as a food reserve, supports and protects.

A
  1. Adipose- lipid
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23
Q
  1. Dense Connective tissue
A

a. Description; Collagenous, or white fibers predominate and are arranged in bundles; fibroblasts are in rows between bundles

24
Q

tendons

A

muscle to muscle and muscle to bone

25
Q

ligaments

A

bone to bone

26
Q

aponeuroses

A

connect muscle to bone or muscle to muscle

27
Q
  1. Elastic Connective Tissue
A

b. Location; lung tissue, cartilage of larynx, walls of arteries, trachea, bronchial tubes, true vocal cords and ligamenta flava of vertebrae.

28
Q
  1. Reticular Connective Tissue
A

b. Location; liver, spleen and lymph nodes

c. Function; forms stroma or framework of organs; binds together smooth muscle tissue cells.

29
Q
  1. Hyaline cartilage
A

a. Description; also called gristle, appears as a bluish white, glossy mass; contains numerous chondrocytes; is the most abundant type of cartilage
b. Location; ends of long bones, ends of ribs, nose, parts of larynx, trachea, bronchi, bronchial tubes, and embryonic skeleton.
c. Function; provides movement at joints, flexibility and support

30
Q
  1. Fibrocartilage
A

a. Description; consists of chondrocytes scattered among bundles of collagenous fibers
b. Location; symphysis pubis and intervertebral discs.
c. Function; support and fusion

31
Q

name the three types of cartilage

A

haline cart, fibrocartilage, and Elastic cartilage

32
Q
  1. Elastic Cartialage
A

a. Description; consists of chondrocytes located in a threadlike network of elastic fibers
b. B. Location; epiglottis, parts of larynx, external ear, and Eustachian (auditory) tubes

33
Q

Erythrocytes

A

rbc

34
Q

leucocytes

A

wbc

35
Q

what makes up 45% of blood

A

erythrocytes, leucocytes, platlets

36
Q

what makes up the remander of blood

A

plasma 55% and of that 90% is water

37
Q

muscles work by

A

contraction, shortening

38
Q

A. Skeletal muscle

A

muscle attache dto bone

39
Q

visceral muscle

A

found in intestine

40
Q

cardiac muscle

A

heart

41
Q

a nerve is composed of what

A

axon/ myelin sheath, and dendrites

42
Q

A. Mucous membrane

A

opens to exterior , mouth and Vagina

43
Q

inner membrane that lines muscle

A

B. Serous Membrane

44
Q

portion kines intestine

A

periatal

45
Q

mesothelium 2 types

A

periatal and visceral

46
Q
  1. Inflammation Symptoms
A

a. redness
b. pain
c. heat
d. swelling- edima
e. loss of function

47
Q

an attempt to restore tissue homeostasis

A

inflamatory responce

48
Q
  1. Various components involved in restoring homeostasis
A

a. blood vessels
b. intercellular fluid mixed with parts of injured cells(exudate)
c. acellular components of blood
d. surrounding epithelial and connective tissue
e. individual’s age
f. general state of health
g. nutritional importance

49
Q

E. Stages of Inflammatory Response

A
  1. Vasodilation and increased permeability of blood vessels
  2. Phagocyte migration
    release nutrient
    fibrin formation
    pus formation
50
Q

A. Conditions affecting Repair

A

nutrition
blood cerculation
age

51
Q

a. Vitamin A

A

essential in replacement of epithelial cells (prevents night blindness)

52
Q

b. B Vitimans

A
  • decomposing of glucose to CO2 and H2O; may relieve pain; many enzymatic systems need
53
Q

c. Vitamin C

A

required for cementing elements of connective tissue; needed for strength of blood vessels; formation of new blood vessels

54
Q

d. Vitamin D

A

proper absorption of Calcium from the intestines; Ca needed by bone

55
Q

e. Vitamin E

A

promotes healing of injured tissues; may prevent scarring

56
Q

f. Vitamin K

A

promotes clotting- ecoli- secrets vitamin K

A&P test 2 (1 decks)

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