Chapter 4 Flashcards
An automatic reaction to a stimulus
Reflex
A trigger to behaviour
Stimulus
Conditioning in which a stimulus acquires the capacity to trigger a response by virtue of its pairing with an unconditional stimulus
Classical conditioning
An approach to understanding behaviour that suggested that learning consists of the acquisition of new links between stimuli and responses
Stimulus response psychology
A form of condition in which the outcome depends upon the action of the animal exemplified by obtaining food on turning a match or negotiating a maze
Instrumental conditioning
The procedure of giving reinforcement for successive approximations to the desired response
Behaviour shaping
The form of instrumental conditioning that occurs in the Skinner box
Operant conditioning
The process of giving something as a consequence of a particular behaviour, which increases the frequency of showing that behaviour
Positive reinforcement
The process of removing something as a consequence of a particular behaviour, which increases the frequency of showing that behaviour
Negative reinforcement
The removal of a reinforcer, e.g. Taking the food pellets away from the Skinner box
Extinction
A schedule in which the rat gets reinforced only occasionally
Partial reinforcement
An event that follows a response and which leads to a decrease in the frequency of that response
Punishment
Behaviour that is triggered by stimulus
Elicited behaviour
Behaviour that is controlled by its consequences
Emitted behaviour
The belief that everything that happens, including human behaviour, is determined by past events
Determinism
