Chapter 4

Question 1

Acetate

Answer 1

a manufactured fiber made of cellulose acetate, a modification of cellulose

Question 2

Acrylic

Answer 2

a manufactured fiber composed of acrylonitrile

Question 3

Antibacterial Fibers

Answer 3

additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that resist bacterial and microbial action and reduce odor

Question 4

Antimicrobial fiber

Answer 4

additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that resist bacterial and microbial action and reduce odor

Question 5

Aramid

Answer 5

a manufactured synthetic polyamide fiber containing ring compounds

Question 6

Azlon

Answer 6

a fiber made from regenerated naturally occurring protein

Question 7

Bicomponent fibers

Answer 7

a fiber consisting of two polymers that are chemically different, physically different, or both

Question 8

Blend

Answer 8

an intermingling of different fibers in one yarn

Question 9

Color scavenger

Answer 9

the ability of fibers to pick up color from other fabrics, especially in the wash

Question 10

combination

Answer 10

a fabric made with ply yarns where at least one strand is of a different generic fiber type from the other strands

Question 11

comfort stretch

Answer 11

the ability to elongate slightly as the body moves and to recover a significant portion of that elongation when the force is removed

Question 12

composite fibers

Answer 12

fibers that include, as part of their structure, fibrils, tubes, or particles of nano-sized clay, metal oxides, and carbon black

Question 13

Deluster

Answer 13

to reduce fiber luster by adding pigment

Question 14

elasterell-p

Answer 14

a type of stretch polyester

Question 15

Elastomer

Answer 15

a natural or synthetic compound that can be stretched repeatedly to at lease twice its original length and that will immediately and forcibly return to approximately its original length

Question 16

Flame-resistant fibers

Answer 16

additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to ignite or that self-extinguish

Question 17

Flame-retardent fibers

Answer 17

additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to ignite or that self-extinguish

Question 18

Glass

Answer 18

a manufactured fiber made of glass

Question 19

Glazing

Answer 19

the melting and flattening of yarns and fibers exposed to excess hear and made form heat-sensitive fibers

Question 20

Heat sensitive fiber

Answer 20

a fiber that softens, melts, or shrinks when exposed to high temperature

Question 21

Heat set

Answer 21

a heat process that stabilizes the shape and size of yarns and fabric made of heat-sensitive fibers

Question 22

Lastol

Answer 22

a stretch olefin fiber

Question 23

Lyocell

Answer 23

a manufactured fiber of solvent-spun cellulose

Question 24

Manufactured Fiber

Answer 24

fibers made into fiber form form chemical compounds produced in manufacturing facilities

Question 25

Manufactured regenerated fibers

Answer 25

fibers produced from naturally occurring chemicals, but that are not found in nature in fiber form

Question 26

Metallic fibers

Answer 26

a manufactured fiber made of metal, plastic-coasted metal, metal-coated plastic, or a core completely covered by metal

Question 27

Microfibers

Answer 27

fibers with deniers of less than 1.0

Question 28

Mixture

Answer 28

yarns of different generic fibers in a fabric

Question 29

Moisture vapor transport rate

Answer 29

a measure as to how quickly moisture vapor moves from the fabric side next to the body to the exterior

Question 30

Nanofibers

Answer 30

fibers with cross sections less than 1,000 nm

Question 31

Neoprene

Answer 31

a type of synthetic fiber

Question 32

Nylon

Answer 32

a manufactured fiber made of any long-chai, synthetic polyamide

Question 33

Olefin

Answer 33

a manufactured fiber made of simple organic compounds of carbon and hydrogen

Question 34

Performance fibers

Answer 34

fibers that enhance product performance by reducing weight, managing moisture, providing warmth or insulation, decreasing friction, and protecting from the elements

Question 35

PLA

Answer 35

a renewable fiber made form fermented plant starch

Question 36

Polyester

Answer 36

a fiber made from a long-chain synthetic ester, a simple organic compound

Question 37

Power stretch

Answer 37

a fiber’s ability to exhibit a high retractive force that molds, supports, or shapes the body

Question 38

Rayon

Answer 38

a manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose

Question 39

Retractive Force

Answer 39

the ability to continue to exert a contracting force during use

Question 40

Rubber

Answer 40

an elastomeric fiber made of natural or synthetic latex or rubber

Question 41

Shape memory fibers

Answer 41

a smart textile that changes shape in a set way when activated by heat, light, or other stimuli

Question 42

Solution dyeing

Answer 42

adding colored pigments or dyes to the fiber spinning solution before the fiber is spun

Question 43

Spandex

Answer 43

an elastomeric fiber made of a long-chain synthetic segmented compound

Question 44

Sunlight-resistant fibers

Answer 44

additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to suffer fiber damage and fade when exposed to ultraviolet light

Question 45

Synthetic fibers

Answer 45

a fiber synthesized from small simple materials

Question 46

Whiteners

Answer 46

compounds added to fiber spinning solutions to produce whiter fibers that resist yellowing; compound included in laundry detergents and other cleanings to mask yellowing or textiles as they age