Chapter 4 Flashcards
Acetate
a manufactured fiber made of cellulose acetate, a modification of cellulose
Acrylic
a manufactured fiber composed of acrylonitrile
Antibacterial Fibers
additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that resist bacterial and microbial action and reduce odor
Antimicrobial fiber
additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that resist bacterial and microbial action and reduce odor
Aramid
a manufactured synthetic polyamide fiber containing ring compounds
Azlon
a fiber made from regenerated naturally occurring protein
Bicomponent fibers
a fiber consisting of two polymers that are chemically different, physically different, or both
Blend
an intermingling of different fibers in one yarn
Color scavenger
the ability of fibers to pick up color from other fabrics, especially in the wash
combination
a fabric made with ply yarns where at least one strand is of a different generic fiber type from the other strands
comfort stretch
the ability to elongate slightly as the body moves and to recover a significant portion of that elongation when the force is removed
composite fibers
fibers that include, as part of their structure, fibrils, tubes, or particles of nano-sized clay, metal oxides, and carbon black
Deluster
to reduce fiber luster by adding pigment
elasterell-p
a type of stretch polyester
Elastomer
a natural or synthetic compound that can be stretched repeatedly to at lease twice its original length and that will immediately and forcibly return to approximately its original length
Flame-resistant fibers
additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to ignite or that self-extinguish
Flame-retardent fibers
additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to ignite or that self-extinguish
Glass
a manufactured fiber made of glass
Glazing
the melting and flattening of yarns and fibers exposed to excess hear and made form heat-sensitive fibers
Heat sensitive fiber
a fiber that softens, melts, or shrinks when exposed to high temperature
Heat set
a heat process that stabilizes the shape and size of yarns and fabric made of heat-sensitive fibers
Lastol
a stretch olefin fiber
Lyocell
a manufactured fiber of solvent-spun cellulose
Manufactured Fiber
fibers made into fiber form form chemical compounds produced in manufacturing facilities
Manufactured regenerated fibers
fibers produced from naturally occurring chemicals, but that are not found in nature in fiber form
Metallic fibers
a manufactured fiber made of metal, plastic-coasted metal, metal-coated plastic, or a core completely covered by metal
Microfibers
fibers with deniers of less than 1.0
Mixture
yarns of different generic fibers in a fabric
Moisture vapor transport rate
a measure as to how quickly moisture vapor moves from the fabric side next to the body to the exterior
Nanofibers
fibers with cross sections less than 1,000 nm
Neoprene
a type of synthetic fiber
Nylon
a manufactured fiber made of any long-chai, synthetic polyamide
Olefin
a manufactured fiber made of simple organic compounds of carbon and hydrogen
Performance fibers
fibers that enhance product performance by reducing weight, managing moisture, providing warmth or insulation, decreasing friction, and protecting from the elements
PLA
a renewable fiber made form fermented plant starch
Polyester
a fiber made from a long-chain synthetic ester, a simple organic compound
Power stretch
a fiber’s ability to exhibit a high retractive force that molds, supports, or shapes the body
Rayon
a manufactured fiber composed of regenerated cellulose
Retractive Force
the ability to continue to exert a contracting force during use
Rubber
an elastomeric fiber made of natural or synthetic latex or rubber
Shape memory fibers
a smart textile that changes shape in a set way when activated by heat, light, or other stimuli
Solution dyeing
adding colored pigments or dyes to the fiber spinning solution before the fiber is spun
Spandex
an elastomeric fiber made of a long-chain synthetic segmented compound
Sunlight-resistant fibers
additives to the spinning solution produce fibers that are less likely to suffer fiber damage and fade when exposed to ultraviolet light
Synthetic fibers
a fiber synthesized from small simple materials
Whiteners
compounds added to fiber spinning solutions to produce whiter fibers that resist yellowing; compound included in laundry detergents and other cleanings to mask yellowing or textiles as they age
