Chapter 4

Question 1

Name the five Local Anesthetics in North America

Answer 1

Articane 
Bupivacaine
Lidocaine
Mepivicaine
Prilocaine

Question 2

Name the Trade Names for Articane

Answer 2

Septocaine, Articadent, Orabloc, Zorcaine

Question 3

Name the Trade Names for Bupivacaine

Answer 3

Marcaine

Vivacaine

Question 4

Trade Names for Lidocaine

Answer 4

Xylocaine
Octocaine
Lignospan

Question 5

Trade names for mepivicaine

Answer 5

Carbocaine,
isocaine,
polocaine,
scandensest

Question 6

Trade names for Prilocaine

Answer 6

citanest

Question 7

ASA III what do you not use?

Answer 7

racemic epi gingival retraction cord

Question 8

Name some absolute contraindications

Answer 8

Allergies to amide local anesthetics, or a bisulfite allergy ( if they have a bisulfite allergy, use a LA without a vasoconstrictor such as mepivicaine 3%.)

Question 9

Which lasts longer, nerve block or infiltration

Answer 9

nerve block

Question 10

Less volume will decrease duration, more volume will?

Answer 10

not necessarily increase duration

Question 11

How much solution is in: ( CONCENTRATION)
2% Lidocaine
3% Mepivicaine
4% Prilocaine
.5% Bupivicaine
4% Articaine

Answer 11

Lido- 20mg/ml
Mepivicaine- 30mg/ml
Prilocaine - 40mg/ml
Bupivicaine - 5 mg/ml
Articaine - 40 mg/ml

Question 12

Determine concentration of LA agent in a 2% solution of LIDO.

Answer 12

20mg/ml

if i would have asked for miligrams, you would have to times 20mg/ml by 1.8 for your answer

Question 13

two cartridges of 2% lido with 1:100,000 epi are administered to your patient, what quantity of lido was given?

Answer 13

72mg of LA for 2 carps

Question 14

two cartridges of 3% mepivicaine plain are administered to your patient what quantity of mepivicaine was given?

Answer 14

108mg

Question 15

Calculate the MRD in milligrams for a 120lb healthy adult for 3% mepivicaine

Then calculate the MRD In cartridges for a 120lb healthy adult

Answer 15

360mg

6.6

Question 16

MRD should always be decreased in what type of patients?

Answer 16

debilitated, elderly, medically compromised

Question 17

what is the only recommended use of 2% lidocaine with 1:50,000 concentration?

Answer 17

hemostasis

Question 18

epinepherine sensitive patients should be limited to how many cartridges of 1:100,000 epi per appointment?

Answer 18

2

Question 19

Prilocaine does what to the blood oxygen carrying capacity? meaning what?

Answer 19

reduces it. dont use on patients with lung problems

Question 20

What are the unsubstantiated claims against articaine?

Answer 20

paresthesia associated with it.

Question 21

what LA lessens a patients need for post op opiod analgesics?

Answer 21

bupivicaine

Question 22

Is the concentration in a topical greater or lesser than injection LA?

Answer 22

greater ( must be higher to diffuse through mucous membrane) ( increases toxicity)

Question 23

What is an EMLA

Answer 23

Eutectic mixture of local anesthetic

Lidocaine and prilocaine 2.5% of each
Topical anesthetic for intact skin

Can be used for procedures that don’t involve deep tissues and are short

Question 24

Hyper responders

Answer 24

Anesthetic lasts longer 70-80 mins

Question 25

Hypo responders

Answer 25

Metabolize drug rapid and anesthetic doesn’t last long