Chapter 4&5 Flashcards
What are the three levels of a lake?
The epilimnion, the thermocline, and the hypolimnion
What are the four levels of soil?
The litter, the topsoil, the subsoil and the bedrock.
Why does the muskeg not have rich soil?
The muskegs ground consists of a thick layer of permafrost which makes is difficult to become rich in nutrients.
What defines the littoral zone?
The area from the shore of a lake or pond to where no more plants grow on the lakes bottom.
True or false, the profundal zone has the most biodiversity.
False, the profundal zone contains organisms that do not need a lot of oxygen and sunlight which means plants would not be able to survive here.
What adaptations do conifers have that enables them to live in the taiga?
The shape of a conifer allows the snowfall to fall off the trees easily, also they have needles with cuticle wax to protect them from water and temperature.
What biome has the greatest biomass?
The deciduous forest
Which season does the oxygen in the epilimnion layer of a lake drop?
Summer.
Why is introducing a new species to a new ecosystem a primary cause of species depletion and extinction?
This is because the new species do not have the capability of competing with the original species.
What four factors would affect a terrestrial ecosystem?
Soil, available water, temperature and sunlight.
What two elements affect algae growth and oxygen decrease in a lake or pond?
Nitrogen and phosphorous.
How does a population differ from a community?
A population is a group of the same species, a community is abiotic and biotic factors living in an area.
Why do ecotones have a larger biodiversity?
An ecotone has a combination of both terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, this results in more organisms living in the ecotone.
What is an organisms niche?
This is a species role in an ecosystem, it includes their place in the food chain, habitat and breeding area.
What is a watershed?
The land that drains toward a lake or other body of water.
Why is Latin used in binomial nomenclature?
This is because Latin is a common language used for all scientists.
What is the largest level of classification?
A kingdom.
What is phylogeny?
The history of the evolution of a species or group of organisms.
What is the main action of radio metric dating?
Radio metric dating changes a particular atom in the daughter isotope in the same row different element.
What does biogeography suggest mostly?
That at one point all the continents were one landmass but then drifted apart.
Name three pieces of evidence that tell us species have shared ancestry.
Fossil record, biochemistry and genetics and geographic distribution of species.
What is a homologous feature?
This feature has similar structures but specific functions for that organism.
What is artificial selection?
A method used when humans pick individuals from a species to interbreed to born an offspring with the best, most valued characteristics.
Which individual reached the same conclusion as Darwin?
Wallace.
