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LMRT Review CR320 > Chapter 4,5,6 Study Questions > Flashcards

Chapter 4,5,6 Study Questions Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following would be considered a basic form of matter?

A

Solid and Liquid

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2
Q

The quantity of matter that makes up any physical object is called the:

A

Mass

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3
Q

Which of the following is located in an orbit around the nucleus of an atom?

A

Electron

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4
Q

Which of the following has a negative (-) electrical charge?

A

Electron

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5
Q

Which of the following are considered fundamental particles of atoms

A

Neutrons and Photons

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6
Q

When a neutral atom gains or loses an electron, the atom is said to be:

A

ionized

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7
Q

Mechanical energy can be classified as either kinetic energy or

A

Potential Energy

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8
Q

X-rays consist of

A

Electromagnetic Energy

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9
Q

X-rays with greater energy have a shorter____and or more penetrating.

A

Wavelength

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10
Q

Of the following types of electromagnet magnetic energy, which has the shortest wavelength?

A

Diagnostic Rays

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11
Q

Which of the following are accurate statements regarding the characteristics of X-rays?

A

They are highly penetrating and invisible and They travel in straight lines at the speed of light

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12
Q

The smallest possible unit of electromagnetic energy is the

A

Photon

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13
Q

The term for continuous path for the flow of electrical charges from the power source through one or more electrical devices and back to the source is:

A

Electrical Circuit

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14
Q

The common unit of measure for the potential differences across an X-ray tube is:

A

Volt

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15
Q

The purpose of a transformer is to:

A

Increase or decrease voltage

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16
Q

Which electron shell in the atom is most important for production of X-rays

A

K Shell

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17
Q

Electrons are held in place around the nucleus of the atom by an

A

Binding Energy

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18
Q

Atom gains or loses an electron it is called:

A

Ion

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19
Q

Process of converting AC to DC is called

A

Rectification

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20
Q

One of the most important elements in radiology that is used to create X-rays is

A

Tungsten

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21
Q

X-rays cause ionization in the body.This is a negative effect on the body:

A

True

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22
Q

When a step-up transformer increases voltage from the primary side to the secondary side of the transformer. Amperage is increasing.

A

False

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23
Q

If a transformer has 100 turns on the primary side and 25 turns on the secondary side, it is a step down transformer:

A

True

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24
Q

A transformer with a 500:1 ratio would be a step down transformer:

A

True

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25
Q

X-rays with greater energy have a lower frequency:

A

False

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26
Q

X-rays can cause cancer

A

True

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27
Q

Roentgen discovered x-rays while working with an _____tube.

A

Crookes

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28
Q

An “electron cloud” surrounding the filament of the cathode is referred to as a:

A

Space charge

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29
Q

Free electrons for X-ray production come from the:

A

Filament

30
Q

The creation of the space charge in the X-ray tube produces:

A

Thermionic emission

31
Q

The majority of photons and the X-ray beam are created by which process?

A

Bremsstrahlung interactions

32
Q

More than 99% of the energy of the electron stream is converted into:

A

Heat

33
Q

The high-speed rotation, 10,000 RPM of the anode enables:

A

Greater dissipation of heat from high technical factors

34
Q

The degree of angulation of the X-ray tube target will determine the:

A

Shape of the x-ray beam

35
Q

A dual focused X-ray tube has:

A

Two filaments and two focal spot sizes

36
Q

The anode heel effect is a phenomenon of X-ray production that results in:

A

Uneven distribution of radiation within the x-ray field

37
Q

To take advantage of the anode heel effect when making a radiograph of the femur in recumbent anterior posterior projection on a 14x17 inch image receptor at a 40 inch source image receptor distance SID. The patient should be placed so that the:

A

Head is toward the cathode end of the tube

38
Q

The penetrating power of the X-ray beam is controlled by varying the:

A

Peak kilovoltage (kVp)

39
Q

The rate of current flow across the X-ray tube is measured in

A

mA

40
Q

Doubling the mA will result in:

A

Increased patient dose, twice as many photons in the x-ray beam

41
Q

The unit used to indicate the total quantity of X-ray exposure is:

A

Milliampere-seconds (mAs)

42
Q

An X-ray exposure is made using the following factors: 200 MA, 0.02 seconds, 70 KVP, 40 inches SID. The value of the mAs for this exposure is:

A

200 mA x 0.02 seconds = 4

43
Q

The device for removing long wavelength radiation for the primary X-ray beam is the:

A

Filter

44
Q

X-ray equipment capable of producing 70 KVP more is required to have total filtration of at least:

A

1.5 mm Al equiv

45
Q

The purpose of rotating the anode of the X-ray tube is to:

A

Increase the heat capacity of the anode

46
Q

Image sharpness is determined by the:

A

Size of the effective focal spot

47
Q

Above 70 KVP, what percentage of photons is created by the bremsstrahlung process?

A

85%

48
Q

The amount of detail seen in the X-ray image is referred to as:

A

Spatial resolution

49
Q

All of the following devices are located within the low voltage circuit and control console except the:

A

Step-up transformer

50
Q

The auto-transformers primary purpose is to vary the

A

Voltage

51
Q

Which transformer is located in the filament circuit?

A

Step-down transformer

52
Q

The primary purpose of the filament circuit is to:

A

Heat the x-ray tube filament for the thermionic emission

53
Q

A timer that is capable of producing ultra short exposure times is typical of an:

A

Electronic timer

54
Q

The primary purpose of a rectifier in a X-ray circuit is to

A

Change alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC)

55
Q

The primary purpose of the high voltage circuit is to:

A

Supply the x-ray tube with voltage high enough to produce x-rays

56
Q

The advantages of using a high frequency generator instead of a single phase generator include:

A

Producing X-rays more efficiently.Requiring less exposure time to produce a given amount of exposure.Producing the greatest amount of X-rays for the same exposure technique.

57
Q

How much can the exposure time be decreased when using three phase X-ray equipment?

A

40%

58
Q

Automatic exposure control automatically varies the:

A

Exposure time

59
Q

Into the tube rating chart below, what is the maximum exposure time obtainable at 90 KVP and 500 MA?

A

1/20 sec

60
Q

Which of the following steps should be used to extend X-ray tube life?

A

Warm up the anode and do not make repeat exposures near the tube limits.

61
Q

How many heat units are generated using a high frequency generator at 200 MA, 0.10 second and 85 KVP?

A

2380 HU’s

62
Q

For which type of X-ray exposure system can the technical factors be programmed into the system?

A

Anatomically programmed radiography (APR)

63
Q

Which transformer is located in the high voltage circuit?

A

Step-up Transformer

64
Q

How much higher is the percentage of X-rays produced in a three phase X-ray machine?

A

40%

65
Q

In a high frequency X-ray generator, the standard 60 Hz frequency is increased to about:

A

6000 Hz

66
Q

The highest power X-ray generator is the:

A

High-frequency generator

67
Q

The advantage of full wave rectification is that the exposure time can be cut in half.

A

True

68
Q

The lowest power X-ray machine is a three phase machine

A

False

69
Q

The shortest exposure times are obtained using high frequency generators

A

True

70
Q

The heat unit formula for a three phase X-ray generator is: HU= mA x Time x kVp x 1.35

A

True

LMRT Review CR320 (2 decks)

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