Chapter 4 Flashcards
epidermis
Outer layer of skin
keratin
horny, or cornified, layer composed of protein. It is contained in the hair, skin, and nails.
melanin
color, or pigmentation, of the skin
dermis
inner layer of skin (also called the true skin)
sudoriferous (sweat) glands
tiny, coiled, tubular structures that emerge through pores on the skin’s surface and secrete sweat.
sebaceous glands
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis
sebaceous
secrete sebum (oil) into the hair follicles where the hair shafts pass through the dermis.
cutane/o, derm/o, dermat/o
skin
hidr/o
sweat
kerat/o
horny tissue, hard
onych/o, ungu/o
nail
seb/o
sebum (oil)
trich/o
hair
aut/o
self
bi/o
life
coni/o
dust
crypt/o
hidden
heter/o
other
myc/o
fungus
necr/o
death (cells, body)
pachy/o
thick
rhytid/o
wrinkles
staphyl/o
grapelike clusters
strept/o
twisted chains
xer/o
dry
epi-
on, upon, over
intra-
within
para-
beside, beyond, around, abnormal
per-
through
sub-
under, below
trans-
through, across, beyond
-a
noun suffix, no meaning
-coccus (pl. -cocci)
berry shaped form of bacterium
-ectomy
excision or surgical removal
-ia
diseased or abnormal state, condition of
-itis
inflammation
-malacia
softening
-opsy
view of, viewing
-phagia
eating or swallowing
-plasty
surgical repair
-rrhea
flow, discharge
-tome
instrument used to cut
dermatitis
inflammation of the skin
dermatoconiosis
abnormal condition of the skin caused by dust
dermatofibroma
fibrous tumor of the skin
hidradenitis
inflammation of a sweat gland
leiodermia
condition of smooth skin
leukoderma
white skin (white patches caused by depigmentation)
onychocryptosis
abnormal condition of a hidden nail (also called ingrown nail)
onychomalacia
softening of the nails
onychomycosis
abnormal condition of a fungus in the nails
onychophagia
eating the nails (nail biting)
pachyderma
thickening of the skin
paronychia
diseased state around the nail
seborrhea
discharge of sebum (excessive)
trichomycosis
abnormal condition of a fungus in the hair
xeroderma
dry skin (a mild form of a cutaneous disorder characterized by keratinization and noninflammatory scaling)
abrasion
scraping away of the skin by mechanical process or injury
abcess
localized collection of pus
acne
inflammatory disease of the skin involving the sebaceous glands and hair follicles
actinic keratosis
a precancerous skin condition of horny tissue formation that results from excessive exposure to sunlight. It may evolve into a squamous cell carcinoma.
albinism
congenital hereditary condition characterized by partial or total lack of pigment in the skin, hair and eyes.
basal cell carcinoma (BCC)
epithelial tumor arising from the epidermis. It seldom matastasizes but invades local tissue. Common in individuals who have had excessive sun exposure.
candidiasis
an infection of the skin, mouth (also called thrush), or vagina caused by the yeast-type fungus Candida albicans.
carbuncle
skin infection composed of a cluster of boils caused by staphylococcal bacteria.
cellulitis
inflammation of the skin and subcutaneous tissue caused by infection, leading to redness, swelling, and fever.
contusion
injury with no break in the skin, characterized by pain, swelling, and discoloration (also called a bruise)
eczema
noninfectious, inflammatory skin disease characterized by redness, blisters, scabs, and itching.
fissure
slit or cracklike sore in the skin
furuncle
painful skin node cause by staphylococcal bacteria in a hair follicle
gangrene
death of tissue caused by loss of blood supply followed by bacterial invasion
herpes
inflammatory skin disease caused by herpes virus characterized by small blisters in clusters. Many types of herpes exists.
impetigo
superficial skin infection characterized by pustules and caused by either staphylococci or streptococci
infection
the invasion of pathogens in body tissue.
Kaposi sarcoma
a cancerous condition starting as purple or brown papules on the lower extremities that spreads through the skin to the lymph nodes and internal organs. Frequently seen with AIDS.
laceration
torn, ragged-edged wound
lesion
any change in tissue resulting from injury or disease. It is a broad term that includes sores, wounds, ulcers, and tumors.
MRSA infection
invasion of body tissue by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, a strain of common bacteria that has developed resistance to penicillin and other antibiotics.
pediculosis
invasion into the skin and hair by lice
psoriasis
chronic skin condition producing red lesions covered with silvery scales.
rosacea
chronic disorder of the skin that produces erythema, papules, pustules, and broken blood vessels, usually occuring on the central area of the face in people older than 30 years.
scabies
skin infection caused by the itch mite, characterized by papule eruptions that are caused by the female burrowing into the outer layer of the skin and laying eggs. Severe itching.
scleroderma
a disease characterized by chronic hardening (induration) of the connective tissue of the skin and other body organs.
squamous cell carcinoma (SqCCA)
a malignant growth that develops from scalelike epithelial tissue. Unlike basal cell carcinoma, there is a significant potential for metastasis. The most frequent case is chronic exposure to sunlight.
systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)
a chronic inflammatory disease involving the skin, joints, kidneys, and nervous system. This autoimmune disease is characterized by periods of remission and exacerbations. It may also affect other organs.
tinea
fungal infection of the skin. (ringworm)
urticaria
an itching skin eruption composed of wheals of varying size and shape, which usually resolves in a short period of time.
vitiligo
white patches on the skin caused by the destruction of melanocytes associated with autoimmune disorders.
biopsy (bx)
view of life (the removal of living tissue from the body to be viewed under the microscope)
dermatoautoplasty
surgical repair using one’s own skin (skin graft) (also called autograft)
dermatoheteroplasty
surgical repair using skin from others (skin graft) (also called allograft)
dermatome
instrument used to cut skin (in thin slices for skin grafts)
dermatoplasty
surgical repair of the skin
onychectomy
excision of a nail
rhytidectomy
excision of wrinkles (also called facelift)
rytidoplasty
surgical repair of wrinkles
cauterization
destruction of tissue with a hot or cold instrument, electric current, or caustic substance (also called cautery)
cryosurgery
destruction of tissue by using extreme cold, often by using liquid nitrogen.
debridement
removal of contaminated or dead tissue and foreign matter from an open wound.
dermabrasion
procedure to remove skin scars with abrasive material, such as sandpaper.
excision
removal by cutting
incision
surgical cut or wound produced by a sharp instrument
incision and drainage (I & D)
surgical cut made to allow the free flow or withdrawal of fluids from a lesion, wound or cavity.
laser surgery
procedure using an instrument that emits a high-powered beam of light used to cut, burn, vaporize, or destroy tissue.
Mohs surgery
technique of microscopically controlled serial excisions of skin cancers
suturing
to stitch edges of a wound surgically
dermatologist
a physician who studies and treats skin (diseases)
dermatology (derm)
study of the skin (a branch of medicine that deals with the diagnosis and treatment of skin diseases)
epidermal
pertaining to upon the skin
erythroderma
red skin (abnormal redness)
hypodermic
pertaining to under the skin
intradermal (ID)
pertaining to within the skin
keratogenic
originating in horny tissue
necrosis
abnormal condition of death (cells and tissue die because of disease)
percutaneous
pertaining to through the skin
Staphylococcus
berry-shaped (bacterium) in grapelike clusters (these bacteria cause many skin diseases)
streptococcus
berry-shaped (bacterium)in twisted chains
subcutaneous (subcut)
pertaining to under the skin
transdermal (TD)
pertaining to through the skin
ungual
pertaining to the nail
xanthoderma
yellow skin (also called jaundice)
alopecia
loss of hair
bacteria
single-celled microorganisms that reproduce by cell division and may cause infection by invading body tissue
cicatrix
scar
cyst
a closed sac containing fluid or semisolid material
cytomegalovirus (CMV)
a herpes-type virus that usually causes disease when the immune system is compromised
diaphoresis
profuse sweating
ecchymosis
escape of blood into the skin (or mucous membrane) causing a small, flat, purple, or blue discoloration.
edema
puffy swelling of tissue from the accumulation of fluid.
erythema
redness
fungus
organism that feeds by absorbing organic molecules from its surroundings and may cause infection by invading body tissue.
induration
abnormal hard spots
jaundice
condition characterized by a yellow tinge to the skin (also called xanthoderma)
keloid
overgrowth of scar tissue
leukoplakia
white spots or patches on mucous membrane, which may be precancerous
macule
flat, colored spot on the skin
nevus (pl. nevi)
circumscribed malformation of the skin, usually brown, black, or flesh colored. A congenital nevus is present at birth and is called a birthmark
nodule
a small, knotlike mass that can be felt by touch
pallor
paleness
papule
small, solid, skin elevation
patechia (pl. petechiae)
a pinpoint skin hemorrhage
pressure ulcer (decub)
erosion of the skin caused by prolonged pressure, often occurring in bedridden patients. (also called decubitus ulcer or bed sore)
pruritus
severe itching
purpura
small hemorrhages in the skin (or mucous membrane), giving a purple-red discoloration; associated with blood disorders or vascular abnormalities.
pustule
elevation of skin containing pus
ulcer
erosion of the skin or mucous membrane
verruca
circumscribed cutaneous elevation caused by a virus (also called a wart)
vesicle
small elevation of the epidermis containing liquid (also called blister)
virus
minute microorganism, much smaller than a bacterium, characterized by a lack of independent metabolism and the ability to replicate only within living host cells
wheal
transitory, itchy elevation of the skin with a white center and a red surrounding area (hive)
BCC
basal cell carcinoma
bx
biopsy
CMV
cytomegalovirus
CA-MRSA
community associated MRSA infection
decub
pressure ulcer
derm
dermatology
HA-MRSA
healthcare-associated MRSA infection
I&D
incision and drainage
ID
intradermal
MRSA
methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus
SLE
sytemic lupus erythematosus
SqCCA
squamous cell carcinoma
staph
staphylococcus
strep
streptococcus
subcut
subcutaneous
TD
transdermal
