Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is the predominant language in Latin America, based on the number of people who speak it as a first language?
a. Aymara
b. Portuguese
c. Miskito
d. Spanish
e. Mayan
D. Spanish
Which country in Latin America sends the largest number of legal immigrants to the United States?
a. Brazil
b. Colombia
c. El Salvador
d. Chile
e. Mexico
E. Mexico
Which of the following statements applies to the drug trade in Latin America?
a. Some drug lords became local heroes because they funded community facilities, such as health clinics and schools.
b. It is often seen as the root of many of the region’s problems.
c. Drug consumption in Latin America has not been a problem.
d. Initially, most Latin governments cared little about controlling the drug trade because of the hard currency it brought to the region.
e. all of the above
E. All of the above
What is a mestizo?
a. an immigrant to Latin America
b. a person of mixed European and Indian ancestry
c. a member of the working class in Bolivia
d. a Portuguese word for peasant
e. a member of the majority ethnic group in Peru
B. A person of mixed European and Indian ancestry
Which of the following environmental problems is associated with Mexico City?
a. deforestation
b. desertification
c. smog
d. degradation of farmlands
e. grassification
C. Smog
Mexico City suffers from subsidence. What does this mean?
a. Mexico City’s traffic is becoming more congested.
b. Mexico City is becoming more polluted.
c. Mexico City’s water is becoming saltier.
d. Mexico City is sinking.
e. Mexico City’s population is declining.
D. Mexico is sinking
What country of Latin America has the region’s highest population?
a. Bolivia
b. Brazil
c. Argentina
d. Mexico
e. Colombia
B. Brazil
What goal did the Treaty of Tordesillas accomplish?
a. ended the Mexican revolution of 1910
b. gave possession of Puerto Rico to the United States
c. divided South America between Spain and Portugal
d. established the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)
e. ended the Spanish-American War
C. Divided South America between Spain and Portugal
A system wherein peasants farm small plots of land for their own subsistence is referred to as ________.
a. plantations
b. latifundia
c. ejidos
d. encomienda
e. minifundia
E. Minifundia
What are the boundaries of Latin America?
a. The Amazon River in the north to Puntas Arenas in the south
b. The Rio Grande in the north to Tierra del Fuego in the south
c. Panama in the north to Argentina in the south
d. Tijuana in the north to the La Plata River in the south
e. San Salvador in the north to Montevideo in the south
B. The Rio Grande in the north to Tierra del Fuego in the south
What is dependency theory?
a. the idea that the expansion of European capitalism created Latin America’s underdevelopment
b. the idea that the rich should allow the poor to depend on their assistance
c. the idea that governments should provide a safety net for their citizens
d. the idea that people should not allow themselves to become dependent on outside assistance
e. the idea that people of the world should depend on each other
A. the idea that the expansion of European capitalism created Latin America’s underdevelopment
What is grassification?
a. the Latin American term for suburbanization
b. the depletion of native grasses on the Argentine prairie
c. a project by the Bolivian government to protect further soil erosion on mountain slopes by planting native grasses
d. the conversion of tropical forest into pasture
e. the conversion of the Altiplano of Latin America into grasslands
D. The conversion of tropical forest into pasture
What is dollarization?
a. the complete elimination of U.S. currency from a nation’s economy
b. the process by which a country in whole or in part adopts the U.S. dollar as its official currency
c. the practice of a country’s using the U.S. banking system for its transactions
d. a price reduction strategy where everything within a country is sold at a rounded dollar amount
e. making the denominations of local currency identical to those in U.S. currency
B. the process by which a country in whole or in part adopts the U.S. dollar as its official currency
What is urban primacy?
a. the largest city in a country
b. a country’s capital city
c. the city within a country that is the primary center of economic activity
d. a condition in which a country contains a city that is three to four times larger than any other city in the country
e. all of the above
D. a condition in which a country contains a city that is three to four times larger than any other city in the country
El Niño
a. did not occur in the latter half of the 1990s.
b. typically occurs in summer.
c. does not affect Latin America.
d. can cause both heavy rains and severe droughts.
e. has unknown causes.
D. can cause both heavy rains and severe droughts.
By what name do we know the Mexican assembly plants that line the border between Mexico and the United States?
a. Altiplano
b. marianismo
c. Patagonia
d. maquiladora
e. machismo
D. Maquiladora
Two thirds of Latin America speaks Spanish and one third speaks Portuguese.
T or F
T
All of true about deforestation except:
a. there is a loss of biodiversity
b. the rich soil of the Amazon is being destroyed
c. conversion of tropical forest is due to grassification
d. land is cleared for migration purposes
b. the rich soil of the Amazon is being destroyed
C. conversion of tropical forest is due to grassification
Latin America’s largest cities are built along the Amazon River so that the river can provide food, transportation and water for agriculture.
T or F
F. The largest cities are built on the high plains
Peasants demanding the redistribution of land
Agrarian reform
This long observed practice of maintaining large estates
Latifundia
Peasants have always farmed small plots of land for their subsistence
Minifundia
Indicator of heightened economic integration in the Western Hemisphere
CAFTA, Central American Free Trade Agreement
Expansion of European capitalism created the regions underdevelopment
Dependency theory
A country adopts another countries currency
Dollarization
Stresses privatization, export production, FDI, and few restrictions on imports
Neoliberalism
Occurs when a warm water current arrived along the normally cold water
El Niño
São Paulo, Mexico City, buenos Aires are these
Mega cities
Southern cone common market in South America
Mercosur
Portuguese presence in the Americas resulted in
The treaty of tordesillas
Mixed European and Indian ancestry
Mestizo
Neutral hemispheric version of the American relations.
OAS Organization of American States
Money sent back home
Remittance
A condition in which a country has a primate city three to four times larger than any other city in the country
Urban primacy
What is the source of approximately 70 percent of Mexico City’s water?
Wells were dug to tap into the freshwater aquifer - apprx 70% of the water of the city is from the aquifer
What is the major environmental problems is associated with Mexico City and Santiago?
Air pollution
Which European country had a territorial conflict with Argentina over the Falkland Islands in the early 1980s?
Great Britain
Approximately how many people today are employed in maquiladoras in Mexico?
Over 1 million
What Latin American country is the world leader in coffee production?
Brazil
What is import substitution?
is a trade and economic policy which advocates replacing foreign imports with domestic production
Which country in South America has long attracted Bolivian and Paraguayan laborers?
Argentina
