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World History Early Ages > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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0
Q

City-state

A

An independent nation made up of a city and the land around it

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1
Q

Silt

A

Small particles of fertile soil left after floods

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2
Q

Polytheism

A

The belief in more than one god

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3
Q

Ziggurat

A

A pyramid shaped tower with a temple at the top

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4
Q

Cuneiform

A

A Sumerian writing system that used wedge shaped marks made in soft clay

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5
Q

Scribe

A

A person who copies or writes out documents; often a record keeper

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6
Q

Epic

A

A long poem that tells the story of a hero

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7
Q

Civilization

A

A group of people who have a high level or culture and order

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8
Q

What does a civilization have?

A

Science, art, government, values, and beliefs

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9
Q

When did the first people stay in the Mesopotamia?

A

Around 7000 BC

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10
Q

The first people in the Mesopotamia __________.

A

Hunted

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11
Q

Why is the date 4000 BC important?

A

That is when people began farmi.

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12
Q

Where did the people farm?

A

Between the two rivers (Tigris and Euphrates)

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13
Q

What created large amounts of surpluses?

A

Irrigation

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14
Q

What did each city state have?

A

A government

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15
Q

What do historians believe surrounded city states?

A

Large walls

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16
Q

Each city state _____________________.

A

Claimed one god as its own

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17
Q

The Upper class includes

A

Kings, priests, Warriors, and government workers

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18
Q

The people in the upper class were….

A

Powerful and wealthy

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19
Q

The middle class includes:

A

Farmers, fishers, and artisans.

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20
Q

The middle class ________________.

A

Was the largest group.

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21
Q

The lower class includes:

A

Enslaved people.

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22
Q

The lower class_____________.

A

Had no money and no power.

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23
Q

Sumerian city states were……

A
  • ruled by a king
  • had its own government
  • grew its own crops
  • worshiped many gods but claimed one as their own
  • formed alliances with other city states
  • owned surrounding land
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24
Q

Who created the cuneiform?

A

Sumerians

25
Q

Who learned how to write cuneiform?

A

Very few people, some because scribes.

26
Q

What was cuneiform’s use?

A

Recording data

27
Q

What is the oldest known story?

A

The Epic of Gilgamesh

28
Q

Who were the first to use the wheel?

A

Sumerians

29
Q

Name 3 Sumerian inventions.

A
  • sailboats
  • wooden plows
  • bronze
30
Q

What was bronze made out of?

A

Copper and Tin

31
Q

Empire

A

A group of many different lands under one ruler

32
Q

How did the city states weaken?

A

By fighting each other.

33
Q

What kingdom was in the northern Mesopotamia?

A

The kingdom of Akkad

34
Q

Who was Akkad’s leader?

A

Sargon

35
Q

What was Sargon the leader of?

A

Akkad

36
Q

(True or False) all at once Sargon defeated the Cory states of Sumer

A

False

37
Q

Sargon united ———– and ————– to form an empire.

A

Akkad and Sumer

38
Q

What was the firm ever known empire formed?

A

The empire of Sargon

39
Q

Eventually the empire included_____________.

A

All of the Mesopotamia

40
Q

How long did Sargon’s empire last?

A

More than 200 years

41
Q

Who was located in west Mesopotamia?

A

A group called the Amorites.

42
Q

When did the Amorites take over Mesopotamia?

A

1800s BC

43
Q

Who was king for Babylon?

A

Hammurabi

44
Q

How was the Babylonian empire formed?

A
  • the Amorites took over the Mesopotamia
  • the Amorites build cities in the Mesopotamia, including Babylon
  • Hammurabi conquers the Amorites and forms the Babylonian empire then becomes king
45
Q

(True or False) Hammurabi was an unfair ruler.

A

False

46
Q

What was hammurabi’s code called?

A

An eye for an eye, a tooth for a tooth

47
Q

Around 900 BC who began to take over the Mesopotamia?

A

The Assyrians

48
Q

Where were the Assyrians located?

A

Northern Mesopotamia

49
Q

What was the major city of the Assyrian empire?

A

Nineveh

50
Q

4 things the Assyrian empire did/had

A
  • divided into provinces
  • ruled by a king
  • used law codes
  • roads connected provinces
51
Q

About how long did the Assyrian empire last?

A

300 years

52
Q

What weakened the Assyrian empire?

A

Fights about who would be the next ruler.

53
Q

Who defeated the Assyrians?

A

The Chaldeans

54
Q

What did the Chaldeans make their capital?

A

Babylon

55
Q

Who was the first ruler of the Chaldeans or new Babylonian empire

A

King Nabopolassar

56
Q

Who took control after Nabapolassar?

A

King Nebuchadnezzar

57
Q

What surrounded the city of Babylon after it was rebuilt by Nebuchadnezzar?

A

Large walls

58
Q

Who built the hanging gardens?

A

King Nebuchadnezzar

59
Q

Babylon. Grew rich in the trade of _________.

A

Cloth, baskets, and jewelry

60
Q

The Chaldeans were the first to _____ and ________.

A

First sundial to measure time and they invented the seven day week system.

World History Early Ages (3 decks)

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