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The brain, mind, & experience > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

0
Q

Resting potential is…

A

-70mv

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1
Q

Concentration gradient

A

Measurement of how the concentration of something changes from one place to another

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2
Q

PAG

A

Responsible for freezing sensation in your body when you are scared or shocked.
In the central part of amydgala

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3
Q

Where specifically does it stimulate fear in the brain?

A

In the central part NOT LATERAL

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4
Q

Depolarize

A

Decrease resting membrane potential (-70,-69)

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5
Q

Hyper polarize

A

Increase in resting potential (-70,-71)

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6
Q

Post synaptic depolarization/Excitatory post synaptic potential

A

Increase the likely hood that burton will fire

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7
Q

Transporters

A

Mechanisms in the membrane of a cell that actively transport ions or molecules across the membrane

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8
Q

PAG

A

Part of the brain that is responsible for freezing effect when scared

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9
Q

Na+ is another word for …

A

Sodium

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10
Q

K+

A

Potassium

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11
Q

Cl-

A

Chloride

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12
Q

What part of the brain receives both touch and vision information?

A

Thalamus

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13
Q

Gaba

A

Inhibitory transmitter

Slows down communication

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14
Q

A metephore used to describe action potential is…

A

Falls like dominoes

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15
Q

Olfactory

A

Smell, part of information that comes from nose

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16
Q

What mV does the membrane need to fire neurons ?

A

Around -50mV

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17
Q

the meninges… In sequence

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Subarachnoid space
Pis mater

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18
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid

A

Fills the subarachnoid space. It protects the brain and spine (CNS), and the ventricles. from hitting the skull and any

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19
Q

The ___system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord

A

CNS

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20
Q

The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the body’s internal environment is the ___ system

A

Autonomic

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21
Q

Nerves that carry signals away from a structure such as the CNS are ___

A

Efferent

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22
Q

The ANS nerves that project from the thorac and lumbar regions of the spinal cord are part of the ___ system

A

Sympathetic

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23
Q

____organize stimulate organize and mobilize energy in threatening situations

A

Sympathetic

24
The cerebral ventricles, central canal and subarachnoid space are filled with ____
Cerebrospinal fluid
25
Proximal-
Close
26
Distal
Far
27
Golgi stain
Chemical that is used to better view the neurons ... It turns black
28
Nissel stain
Color to view quantity is
29
Myelin
Fatty substance
30
Soma
Cell body
31
Axon hillock
Come shaped region
32
Golgi complex
Packaging membrane
33
Ribosomes
Protein synthesis
34
Synapses
Gaps
35
Glial cells
Forgotten cells
36
Synaptic vessels
Protein synthesis
37
Astrocytes
Largest glial cells
38
Ganglia
PNS clusters of the cell body
39
Dorsal
Top of head
40
Pons
Sleep and arosoul
41
Medulla
Breathing, blood pressure and heart rate
42
Midbrain
Dopamine, rewarding sensation, pleasure, motivation
43
What divisions of the brain are in the forebrain
Telecephalone | And diencephalon, hypothalamus - responsible for hormone release ex, hunger sex.....
44
Gyrus
Elevated ridges on brain
45
Sulcus
Creases in brain
46
Fissure
DEEEEP SULCUS
47
•voltage-activated ion channels:
ion channels that open and close in response to changes in the level of membrane potential.
48
glutamate
the brain's most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter, whose excessive release causes much of the brain damage resulting from cerebral ischemia.
49
Explicit memory
is the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information. People use explicit memory throughout the day, such as remembering the time of an appointment or recollecting an event from years ago.
50
Implicit memory
memory in which previous experiences aid the performance of a task without conscious awareness of these previous experiences.
51
Concentration gradient:
Gradients that tend to move from areas of high concentration to low concentrations
51
Electrostatic pressure
When Pericles of opposite charges attract each other while the particles that are the same charge repel each other.
51
Semi permeable
When the membrane potential allows only some ions to pass through
51
repolarization
refers to the change in membrane potential that returns the membrane potential to a negative value after the depolarization phase of an action potential has just previously changed the membrane potential to a positive value; the repolarization phase
52
Inhibitory epsp
pe of postsynaptic potential where the binding of neurotransmitters with the postsynaptic receptors causes the opening of ion channels which results in hyperpolarization (or the net gain of negative charge across the membrane) thus the firing of an action potential from the postsynaptic cell
53
Spatial summation
occurs when excitatory potentials from many different presynaptic neurons cause the postsynaptic neuron to reach its threshold and fire.
54
Temporal summation
occurs when a single presynaptic neuron fires many times in succession, causing the postsynaptic neuron to reach its threshold and fire.
55
cerebellum
does not initiate movement, but it contributes to coordination, precision, and accurate timing. It receives input from sensory systems of the spinal cord and from other parts of the brain, and integrates these inputs to fine tune motor activity.

The brain, mind, & experience (3 decks)

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