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The brain, mind, & experience > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

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The Brain flashcards
0
Q

Resting potential is…

A

-70mv

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1
Q

Concentration gradient

A

Measurement of how the concentration of something changes from one place to another

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2
Q

PAG

A

Responsible for freezing sensation in your body when you are scared or shocked.
In the central part of amydgala

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3
Q

Where specifically does it stimulate fear in the brain?

A

In the central part NOT LATERAL

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4
Q

Depolarize

A

Decrease resting membrane potential (-70,-69)

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5
Q

Hyper polarize

A

Increase in resting potential (-70,-71)

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6
Q

Post synaptic depolarization/Excitatory post synaptic potential

A

Increase the likely hood that burton will fire

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7
Q

Transporters

A

Mechanisms in the membrane of a cell that actively transport ions or molecules across the membrane

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8
Q

PAG

A

Part of the brain that is responsible for freezing effect when scared

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9
Q

Na+ is another word for …

A

Sodium

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10
Q

K+

A

Potassium

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11
Q

Cl-

A

Chloride

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12
Q

What part of the brain receives both touch and vision information?

A

Thalamus

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13
Q

Gaba

A

Inhibitory transmitter

Slows down communication

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14
Q

A metephore used to describe action potential is…

A

Falls like dominoes

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15
Q

Olfactory

A

Smell, part of information that comes from nose

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16
Q

What mV does the membrane need to fire neurons ?

A

Around -50mV

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17
Q

the meninges… In sequence

A

Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Subarachnoid space
Pis mater

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18
Q

Cerebral spinal fluid

A

Fills the subarachnoid space. It protects the brain and spine (CNS), and the ventricles. from hitting the skull and any

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19
Q

The ___system is composed of the brain and the spinal cord

A

CNS

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20
Q

The part of the peripheral nervous system that regulates the body’s internal environment is the ___ system

A

Autonomic

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21
Q

Nerves that carry signals away from a structure such as the CNS are ___

A

Efferent

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22
Q

The ANS nerves that project from the thorac and lumbar regions of the spinal cord are part of the ___ system

A

Sympathetic

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23
Q

____organize stimulate organize and mobilize energy in threatening situations

A

Sympathetic

24
Q

The cerebral ventricles, central canal and subarachnoid space are filled with ____

A

Cerebrospinal fluid

25
Q

Proximal-

A

Close

26
Q

Distal

A

Far

27
Q

Golgi stain

A

Chemical that is used to better view the neurons … It turns black

28
Q

Nissel stain

A

Color to view quantity is

29
Q

Myelin

A

Fatty substance

30
Q

Soma

A

Cell body

31
Q

Axon hillock

A

Come shaped region

32
Q

Golgi complex

A

Packaging membrane

33
Q

Ribosomes

A

Protein synthesis

34
Q

Synapses

A

Gaps

35
Q

Glial cells

A

Forgotten cells

36
Q

Synaptic vessels

A

Protein synthesis

37
Q

Astrocytes

A

Largest glial cells

38
Q

Ganglia

A

PNS clusters of the cell body

39
Q

Dorsal

A

Top of head

40
Q

Pons

A

Sleep and arosoul

41
Q

Medulla

A

Breathing, blood pressure and heart rate

42
Q

Midbrain

A

Dopamine, rewarding sensation, pleasure, motivation

43
Q

What divisions of the brain are in the forebrain

A

Telecephalone

And diencephalon, hypothalamus - responsible for hormone release ex, hunger sex…..

44
Q

Gyrus

A

Elevated ridges on brain

45
Q

Sulcus

A

Creases in brain

46
Q

Fissure

A

DEEEEP SULCUS

47
Q

•voltage-activated ion channels:

A

ion channels that open and close in response to changes in the level of membrane potential.

48
Q

glutamate

A

the brain’s most prevalent excitatory neurotransmitter, whose excessive release causes much of the brain damage resulting from cerebral ischemia.

49
Q

Explicit memory

A

is the conscious, intentional recollection of previous experiences and information. People use explicit memory throughout the day, such as remembering the time of an appointment or recollecting an event from years ago.

50
Q

Implicit memory

A

memory in which previous experiences aid the performance of a task without conscious awareness of these previous experiences.

51
Q

Concentration gradient:

A

Gradients that tend to move from areas of high concentration to low concentrations

51
Q

Electrostatic pressure

A

When Pericles of opposite charges attract each other while the particles that are the same charge repel each other.

51
Q

Semi permeable

A

When the membrane potential allows only some ions to pass through

51
Q

repolarization

A

refers to the change in membrane potential that returns the membrane potential to a negative value after the depolarization phase of an action potential has just previously changed the membrane potential to a positive value; the repolarization phase

52
Q

Inhibitory epsp

A

pe of postsynaptic potential where the binding of neurotransmitters with the postsynaptic receptors causes the opening of ion channels which results in hyperpolarization (or the net gain of negative charge across the membrane) thus the firing of an action potential from the postsynaptic cell

53
Q

Spatial summation

A

occurs when excitatory potentials from many different presynaptic neurons cause the postsynaptic neuron to reach its threshold and fire.

54
Q

Temporal summation

A

occurs when a single presynaptic neuron fires many times in succession, causing the postsynaptic neuron to reach its threshold and fire.

55
Q

cerebellum

A

does not initiate movement, but it contributes to coordination, precision, and accurate timing. It receives input from sensory systems of the spinal cord and from other parts of the brain, and integrates these inputs to fine tune motor activity.

The brain, mind, & experience (3 decks)

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