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A&P > Chapter 4 > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Flashcards

0
Q

What are body membranes classifies by

A

Tissue types

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1
Q

Function of the body membranes

A

Cover body surfaces

Line body cavities

Protective sheets around organs

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2
Q

Cutaneous membrane = ?

And it’s description and function

A

Skin
Dry membrane
Outermost protective boundary

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3
Q

Stratified squamous epithelium

A

Mounth, esphogous

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4
Q

Simple columnar epithelium

A

Rest of digestive tract

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5
Q

Visceral layer

A

Covers outside of organ

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6
Q

Parietal layer

A

Lines a portion of the wall of ventral body cavity

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7
Q

Peritoneum

A

Abdominal cavity

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8
Q

Pleura

A

Around the lungs

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9
Q

Pericardium

A

Around the heart

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10
Q

Synovial membrane function is

A

To line fibrous capsules surrounding joints

Secretes lubercating fluid

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11
Q

Skin is known as

A

Cutaneous membrane

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12
Q

Skins function is to protect deeper tissues from

A

Mechanical damage (bumps)

Chemical damage (acids and bases)

Bacterial damage

Ultraviolet radiation (sunlight)

Thermal damage (heat or cold)

Desiccation (drying out)

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13
Q

Skin aids in

A

Body heat loss or heart retention

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14
Q

Epidermis is the

A

Outer layer

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15
Q

Dermis is a

A

Dense connective tissue

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16
Q

Subcutaneous tissue is

A

Deep to the dermis

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17
Q

Stratum basale

A

Deepest layer in epidermis

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18
Q

The layers of the epidermis are

A

Stratum spinosum

Stratum granulosum

Stratum lucidum

Stratum corneum (outermost layer of epidermis)

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19
Q

Layers of epidermis from deepest to most superficial

A

Stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum

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20
Q

Melanin produced by

A

Melanocytes

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21
Q

Amount of melanin produced depends upon

A

Genetics and exposure to the sun

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22
Q

The two layers in the dermis are

A

Papillary (upper dermal layer) and reticular (deepest skin layer)

23
Q

Collagen fibers give skin it’s

A

Toughness

24
Q

Elastic fibers give skin

A

Eslasticity

25
Q

Color of melanin on normal skin is

A

Yellow, brown, or black pigments

26
Q

Carotene color on normal skin is

A

Orange- yellow pigment from some vegetables

27
Q

Hemoglobin Color on normal skin is

A

Red coloring from blood cells in dermal capillaries

28
Q

Redness (erythema) in skin is due to

A

Embarrassment, inflammation, hypertension, fever or allergy

29
Q

Pallor (blanching) in the skin is due to

A

Fear, anemia, low blood pressure, or impaired blood flow to an area

30
Q

Jaundice (yellowing) is due to

A

Liver disorder

31
Q

Bruises are due to

A

Hematomas

32
Q

Sebaceous glands produce

A

Oil

33
Q

What is the function of the sebaceous glands

A

Lubricant for skin, prevents brittle hair, and kills bacteria

34
Q

Two types of sudoriferous glands are

A

Eccrine and apocrine

35
Q

Apocrine ducts empty into what and begin to function when?

A

Hair follicles function at puberty

36
Q

Eccrine open via

A

Ducts to pore on skin surface

37
Q

Sweats function is

A

Helps dissipate excess heat

Excretes wastes products

38
Q

The body of the nail is

A

The visible attached portion

39
Q

The root of the nail is

A

Embedded in the skin

40
Q

The cuticle of the nail is the

A

Proximal nail fold that projects onto the nail body

41
Q

A burn is

A

Tissue damage and cell death caused by heat, electricity, UV radiation, or chemicals

42
Q

Associated danger with burns are

A

Dehydration, electrolyte imbalance, and circulatory shock

43
Q

First degree burn

A

Only epidermis is damaged

Skin is red and swollen

44
Q

Second degree burn

A

Epidermis and upper dermis is damaged

Skin red with blisters

45
Q

3rd degree burn

A

Destroys entire skin layer

Burn is grey white or black

46
Q

Athletes foot is caused by

A

Fungal infection

47
Q

Boils and carbuncles are caused by

A

Bacterial infection

48
Q

Cold sores are caused by

A

Caused by a virus

49
Q

Contact dermatitis is caused by

A

Allergic reactions

50
Q

Impetigo is caused by

A

Bacterial infection

51
Q

Psoriasis is triggered by

A

Stress, trauma, infection

52
Q

Skin cancer is known as the

A

Most common cancer

53
Q

Skin cancer is classified in these two categories

A

Benign ( does not spread) and malignant (spreads to other parts of body)

54
Q

Most common type of skin cancer is

A

Basal cell carcinoma

55
Q

When looking at skin cancer the ABCD rule is

A

Aysemmetry
Border irregularity
Color
Diameter

56
Q

Skin regulates body temp by

A

the skin has sweat glands which excretes sweat. these glands help in regulating body temperature because when it is hot the glands excrete the heat from the body through sweat and when it is cold the vessels are hidden deeper inside the skin to help retain the the warmth.

A&P (3 decks)

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