CHAPTER 4 Flashcards
Manages sessions and controls dialog between applications
Session Layer
Represents binary data by varying the frequency of the carrier signal.
Frequency Shift Keying (FSK)
Used in satellite communication and mobile phone networks
Microwaves
The actual data being transmitted (text, images, video, etc.).
Message
Manually assigned and does not change (used for servers, network devices).
Static IP Address
Uses a 32-bit address format (e.g., 192.168.1.1). Supports about 4.3 billion addresses.
IPv4
Handles data framing, error detection, and MAC addressing.
Data Link Layer
Provides services for end-user applications like web browsing and email.
Application layer
is a unique identifier assigned to each device on a network, allowing it to communicate with other devices.
IP Address
Converts data formats for compatibility and encryption.
Presentation Layer
A single copper conductor shielded by layers for better signal transmission (used in cable TV and broadband internet).
Coaxial Cable
is a conceptual framework used to understand and standardize network communication. It consists of seven layers
Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) Model
Used for short-range communication like remote controls.
Infrared (IR)
The physical or wireless channel that carries the data.
Transmission Medium
Determines how data is routed between devices across networks
Network Layer
Used in AM/FM radio, Bluetooth, and Wi-Fi communications.
Radio Waves
are the channels through which data travels from the sender to the receiver
Transmission Mediums
Transmits raw binary data (bits) over the physical medium.
Physical Layer
is the fundamental networking protocol that enables communication between devices on a network.
Internet Protocol (IP)
The device that receives and processes the data (e.g., another computer or server)
Receiver
The device that generates and transmits the data (e.g., computer, smartphone).
Sender
Automatically assigned by a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) server and may change over time.
Dynamic IP Address
What are the two main type of transmission medium?
o Wired (Guided) Communication Mediums
o Wireless (Unguided) Communication Mediums
Represents binary data by shifting the phase of the carrier signal.
Phase Shift Keying
Uses a 128-bit address format (e.g., 2001:db8::ff00:42:8329). Supports an almost infinite number of addresses and improves security and efficiency.
IPv6
Ensures end-to-end communication, error recovery, and data flow control.
Transport Layer
A set of rules governing how data is transmitted and received
Protocol
Consists of two copper wires twisted together to reduce interference
Twisted Pair Cable
Represents binary data by varying the amplitude (height) of the analog carrier signal.
Amplitude Shift Keying
What are the seven layers of OSI Model?
Physical Layer
Data Link Layer
Network Layer
Transport Layer
Session Layer
Presentation Layer
Application Layer
Uses light pulses to transmit data at high speeds with minimal interference
Fiber Optic Cable
Data is transmitted through satellites in space, enabling global communication.
Satellite Communication
is a group of 4 numbers that define what IP network is a member of (255. 255.255) refer to network portion
Subnet mask
Combines both amplitude and phase variations to encode more bits per signal change.
Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM)
