Chapter 4 Flashcards
What is consciousness?
Consciousness is the state of being aware of and able to think about one’s own existence, thoughts, and surroundings.
True or False: Consciousness can be defined as a single, uniform state.
False
Fill in the blank: The two main types of consciousness are ______ and ______.
waking consciousness, altered states
What is the primary characteristic of altered states of consciousness?
Altered states of consciousness differ significantly from normal waking consciousness in terms of perception, cognition, and awareness.
Which brain waves are typically associated with relaxed wakefulness?
Alpha waves
What term describes the state of consciousness during sleep?
Unconsciousness
True or False: Hypnosis is considered an altered state of consciousness.
True
What is the primary purpose of sleep?
Sleep is essential for physical and mental restoration, memory consolidation, and overall health.
List one example of an altered state of consciousness.
Dreaming, hypnosis, meditation, intoxication
What are the five stages of sleep?
NREM Stage 1, NREM Stage 2, NREM Stage 3, NREM Stage 4, and REM sleep.
Fill in the blank: REM sleep is characterized by ______ and ______.
rapid eye movement, increased brain activity
True or False: The conscious mind is responsible for processing information in a linear and logical manner.
True
What is the ‘stream of consciousness’?
The stream of consciousness is a continuous flow of thoughts, feelings, and perceptions in the mind.
Which psychological concept involves focusing attention on a particular object or thought?
Selective attention
What role does the reticular activating system play in consciousness?
The reticular activating system regulates wakefulness and sleep-wake transitions.
True or False: Meditation can lead to a heightened state of awareness.
True
What is the effect of psychoactive substances on consciousness?
Psychoactive substances can alter perception, mood, consciousness, and behavior.
Fill in the blank: The phenomenon of ______ involves a temporary loss of consciousness and awareness.
fainting
What is the significance of circadian rhythms in relation to consciousness?
Circadian rhythms regulate the sleep-wake cycle and influence levels of alertness and consciousness.
What type of brain activity is associated with deep sleep?
Delta waves
True or False: All animals experience consciousness in the same way as humans.
False
What is the difference between explicit and implicit consciousness?
Explicit consciousness involves awareness of thoughts and feelings, while implicit consciousness refers to automatic processes not requiring conscious awareness.
Fill in the blank: The term ______ refers to the state of being awake and aware of one’s environment.
alertness
What is the impact of sleep deprivation on consciousness?
Sleep deprivation can lead to impaired cognitive function, decreased alertness, and altered states of consciousness.
What is the primary focus of research in the field of consciousness studies?
Understanding the nature, mechanisms, and functions of consciousness.
