chapter 4 Flashcards
speech and recall practice; the language
What is academic self-efficacy?
A student’s belief in their ability to succeed in academic tasks.
Virtues
What is considered morally good.
Values
What is important in Life
Well-being
What it means to live a good and fulfilling life
Cultural Pluralism
means recognizing and respecting different cultural perspectives rather than imposing one dominant viewpoint.
A true commitment to cultural diversity in research requires
more than just adding participants from different countries—it requires deep engagement with different cultural perspectives and methodologies.
For this text, we assert that the most parsimonious definition of resilience is “bouncing back” after experiencing adversity. What is parsimonious?
what is resilience? what can you tell me about resilience?
Resilience” generally refers to the capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to disturbances that threaten its ability to function and continue developing.
deleterious
causing harm or damage
what is an inferential concept?
an inferential concept is an idea or construct that is understood through its relationships to other concepts rather than direct relationships.
Psychologists often rely on _______ _______ like _______ and ______, which cannot be directly observed but are measured through behavioral indicators
psychologists often rely on inferential concepts like intelligence and motivation, which cannot be directly observed but are measured through behavioral indicators.
These potent protective factors in development were identified in research and reviews in the 1980s (e.g., Garmezy, 1985; Werner & Smith, 1982), and some continue to be borne out in recent meta-analyses where researchers aggregate the findings from a variety of studies (Yule et al.,
What does the sentence mean when it says “researchers aggregate the findings from a variety of studies”?
To aggregate the findings from a variety of studies means to combine and analyze results from multiple research studies to identify broader trends, patterns, or overall conclusions. This process helps strengthen the reliability and generalizability of findings by considering evidence from different sources.
what is universal truth?
a fact, principle, or belief that is true for all people, in all places, and at all times, regardless of culture, perspective, or personal belief.
what is interpersonal?
Interpersonal refers to anything that happens between two or more people, especially in the context of relationships, communication, and social interactions.
“Regarding the former, Ayed and colleagues noted that different perspectives of resilience as a process were evident in how scholars discussed the proposed trajectories of the construct over time.”
What does that sentence mean?
Ayed and colleagues found that researchers have different views on how resilience develops over time, and these differences can be seen in how they describe its long-term patterns and changes.
Specifically, some scholars focus on resilience as representing an invulnerability to the ________ effects of an adverse experience, whereas others describe it as when a person bounces back after an event.
deleterious; it means to cause harm or damage.
The Connor-Davidson Resilience scale (CD-RISC; Connor & Davidson, 2003) is an _________ of this approach with items such as, “I am able to adapt when change occurs” and “I have one close and secure relationship.”
exemplar; a person or thing serving as a typical example or excellent model.
In a meta-analysis, Oshio et al. (2018) put this assumption to the test by __________ research on character measures of resilience with Big 5 personality traits (Costa & McCrae, 1992).
aggregating; form or group into a class or cluster.
what is a trait;
a distinguishing quality or characteristic, typically one belonging to a person
“In support of a trait perspective of resilience” -what does that mean?
This means the findings support the idea that resilience is a stable personality trait rather than just a response to life events.
“The authors noted a variety of statistically significant aggregate correlations (r)s between self-reported resilience and personality across 30 studies” -can I recall what that means?
The researchers analyzed data from 30 studies and found statistically significant correlations (relationships) between resilience and personality traits.
“Aggregate correlations” means the results were combined from multiple studies to get a clearer overall picture.
can I recall what the word ecological means?
relating to or concerned with the relation of living organisms to one another and to their physical surroundings.
“pollution is posing a serious threat to the ______ balance of the oceans”
ecological
can I recall the meaning of per·se·ver·ance
/ˌpərsəˈvirəns/
?
persistence in doing something despite difficulty or delay in achieving success.
“his perseverance with the technique illustrates his single-mindedness”
can I recall the meaning of optimism?
hopefulness and confidence about the future or the successful outcome of something.
“the talks had been amicable and there were grounds for optimism”
can I recall what secular means?
denoting attitudes, activities, or other things that have no religious or spiritual basis.
can I recall what denoting means?
be a sign of; to indicate
can I recall what salient means?
most noticeable or important
can I recall what profound means?
(of a state, quality, or emotion) very great or intense.
“profound feelings of disquiet”
