Chapter 4 Flashcards
large primary division of the world used in higher education originally in anthropology, but then also in geography and history.
World Region
was meant in part as a replacement for the continental model as a way of organizing study.
by contrast, is defined by culture
world-regional model
main cultural basis for world regions
civilization
largest religion, divided between protestant and catholic.
Western Christianity
____ as a world region is simply the united states, canada, and green land
North America
consists of all the Caribbean islands, and a few coasta countries associated with the islands for various reasons Belize and m of Guiana, namely (Western) Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana.
Caribbean world region
it comprises the former mainland territories of the Spanish and Portuguese empires, but excludes French territories
Latin America
is essentially the European Union; as the EU has expanded, the conventional understanding of the European world region has expanded alike.
Europe
The major language families in Europe are the (4)
- Romance
- Germanic
- Slavic branches of Indo-European
- Finno-Ugric
is the core of the Islamic world, and is predominantly Muslim. Cultural Arabia constitutes most of the world region, the other countries are Turkey, Israel, and Iran.
Middle East and North Africa
is exactly as it sounds, the continent of Africa south of the Saharan desert
Sub-Saharan Africa
are notable as a christian population in Africa not converted by the Europeans
Abyssinians
was entirely in the Russian empire and the Soviet Union; all its countries were republics in the Soviet Union
Russian sphere
consists primarily of five former Soviet republics, and entirely of former Russian-controlled territory. It is also almost exclusively Muslim, and heavily Turkic-speaking.
Central Asia
is roughly identical to historical India, and thus a constituent of Indo-Asia
South Asia
is based, though not explicitly, on Sino-Asia; it is the region of influence of Chinese civilization— Chinese religion, Chinese vocabulary, and the Chinese script.
East Asia
in its standard form is identical to the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), with the exception of newly-recognized East Timor.
Southeast Asia
world region consists of Australia, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and all the smaller island groups of the Pacific.
Australia-Pacific
The Pacific has been divided by anthropologists into three main zones:
- Polynesia (east)
- Micronesia (northwest)
- Melanesia (southwest)
It is examined in relation to identities, ethics, regions, ecological sustainability and health.
It is a process and must be treated as an emergent, socially constituted phenomenon.
Regionalism
Reasons for Forming Regional Associations
- Military Defense
- Pool their resources get better return for their export and expand their leverage against trading partner.
- Protect their independence from the pressure of superpower politics.
- Economic crisis compels countries come together
______________(OPEC)
- It was established in _____ by Iran, Kuwait. Saudi Arabia and Venezuela.
- It aims to regulate the production and sale of oil.
- OPEC’s success convinced 9 other oil producing countries to join
Organization of the Petroleum Exporting Countries
1960
must incorporate the role of cities and regions as active and causal elements in the economic growth process.
theory of development
regions that maintain and even improve their competitive positions in the European economy thanks to globalization processes
Benefiting regions’
Different Economic Growth Conditions:
1. _______ takes place in both high and low value-added functions, the former having a greater effect in quantitative terms than the latter.
2. ______Takes place in low value-added activities and are more than off-set by high value-added functions
3. ______ in low value-added functions, accompanied by a limited loss, of high-skilled jobs.
- Employment growth
- Employment losses
- Employment increases
A taxonomy of regions can be created on the basis of two indicators:
- The physical accessibility of regions
- Specialization in dynamic and open sectors.
Four regional clusters are identified on the basis of these two dimensions.
- These are regions with a good specialization mix but without structural connections with other areas in the world.
2.These are the regions whose role in globalization is maximum: they are structurally open and have all the connections.
- These are regions whose behavior is puzzling: they have structural connections other areas in the world, but at the same time they are specialized in closed sectors.
4.This is the residual category made up of regions which have neither the structural elements to connect with the world nor the appropriate specialization in open growing sectors.
Regional Players
Global Players
Pure Gateways
Cut-off regions
