CHAPTER 4: Flashcards
is highly valued aspect of life in the Philippines?
human interaction
is a meaningful focus of investigation in the process of identifying and analyzing basic concepts of
Filipino personality, social psychology, world view and social philosophy.
social interactions
2 General categories of modes of social interaction?
Ibang tao or outsider category
hindi ibang tao or one of us category
what are the levels under the ibang tao or outsider category?
Pakikitungo (level of amenities/civility)
Pakikisalamuha (level of “mixing”)
Pakikilahok (level of joining/participating)
Pakikibagay (level of conforming)
Pakikisama (level of adjusting)
What are the levels under hindi ibang tao or one of us category?
pakikipaglagayang loob (level of mutual trust or transport)
pakikilahok (level of getting involved)
pakikiisa ( level of fusion, oneness and full trust)
t/f : The eight levels are more than just interrelated modes of interpersonal relations. More
importantly, they are levels of interaction which range from the relatively uninvolved civility in
pakikitungo to the total sense of identification in pakikiisa.
True
t/f : The different levels of interpersonal
relations just differ conceptually not behaviourally
False
what is the language of interpersonal relationship sharing among the Filipino Bulacan middle class?
language of food
t/f: what the Filipino eats, its source and the way it is prepared and served, indicate an intimate, as well as a practical relationship between man and nature
True
The mutual sharing
of functions between the cook and the cooked for and the use of
food as a ?
social lubricant
t/f : Food is better that language, in a
way, because it hardly even offends, and yet its meaning is unmistakable.
True
is also a social necessity and a socially-defined phenomenon of
sharing which fosters goodwill and friendship.
Food/ eating
t/f : When sharing food, the relationship can either
involve the ibang-tao (outsider) or hindi ibang-tao (one of us) category.
true
what is the sole concept which embraces both categories- ibang tao and hindi ibang tao category?
Kapwa
All these levels—whether belonging to the ibang-tao or hindi-ibang tao
categories—may be grouped under the heading of?
Pakikipagkapwa
Kapwa or? the only concept embraces both categories
the shared inner self
Filipino-English dictionaries generally give the words __________ and ______ as translations of kapwa?
both and fellowbeing
what is the closest English word that may come to mind opposition of self?
OTHERS
IN FILIPINO KAPWA IS?
THE UNITY OF THE SELF AND OTHERS
is actually used in opposition to the “self,” and
implies the recognition of the self as a separate identity?
others
is a recognition of shared identity, an inner self shared with others?
Kapwa
rooted in the deeper concept of kapwa and dangal
Shared Inner Self
Shared inner self is rooted in the deeper concept of ____- and _____?
kapwa and dangal
stems from collective values shared with the whole of humanity and the deep respect
for the dignity and inherent worth of a fellow human being.
SIS (shared inner self)
acquired and preserved principally by pakikisama, euphemism and the use of a
gobetween,
Smooth Interpersonal Relations (SIR)
Simply a means of avoiding conflict?
Smooth interpersonal relations
t/f: The concept of kapwa as a shared inner self turns out to be very important, psychologically
as well as philosophically.
true
is another term which
can be used to refer to all levels of interactions?
pagtutunguhan (dealing with or acting toward)
only the term ____________ can be used for the same purpose and at the same time indicate an idea, value or conviction which Filipinos consider most important?
Pakikipagkapwa
also connoted the most “superficial” level of interaction; the level of amenities?
pagtutunguhan (dealing with/ acting towards)
pakikipagkapwa refers to ?
humanness at its highest level
t/f: A person starts having kapwa because of his awareness of shared identity?
T
T/f : The ako (ego) and iba-sa-akin
(others) are one and the same in kapwa psychology?
True
Humans do not need a face-to-face
encounter with extra-terrestrial to sincerely say________
ware ware ningen or we human beings
SIR is preserved by _____________,_____________,__________
pakikisama, euphimism, use of between
ethnocentrism
Thinking your own culture is better than another culture
Is the belief that other cultures are better than one’s own culture
Xenocentrism
Who Admittedly not the best form of
membership and an “ambiguous category” in the language?
Edmund leach
is allowed to break some rules expected to be strictly followed by members.
Saling pusa
It indicates the value attached to the feeling of kapwa so that hypocrisy in social interaction is
avoided?
Saling pusa
Filipino language has three pronouns for the english “we”:
Kita (dual)
tayo (inclusive)
kami (inclusive)
focuses on the listener in relation to the speaker?
kita
focuses on the listener in relation to the speaker yet includes the listener
tayo
focuses on the listener in relation to the speaker, yet excludes him as referent
kami
-also means accepting and dealing with other person as an equal.
- This means a regard for the dignity and being of others.
- has a moral and normative aspect as a value and conviction.
-Situations change and relations vary according to environment
pakikipagkapwa
lower level of interaction
pakikisama
example of pakikibaka?
PEOPLE’S POWER REVOLUTION OF 1986
Joining struggle and is a valid aspect of pakikipagkapwa in the face of injustice and adversity?
Pakikibaka
The complexity of interpersonal relations is recognized in the tagalog proverb?
madali ang maging tao, mahirap magpakatao (tagalog proverb)
it is easy to be born human, but is not east to be one (english)
“Malagua ing maguing tao, masaguiting magpacatau” (pampangos)
Kung mahirap ang maging tao, lalong mahirap ang makipagkapwa-tao - tagalog
concept is manifested through an act of generosity or kabutihan.
kagandahang loob (shared inner nobility)
t/f : to qualify as kagandahang-loob, such acts of generosity
must spring spontaneously from the person’s goodness of heart or kabaitan.
T
hiya is translated as___________ instead of______?
shame instead of propriety.
listed synonyms of karangalan
puri, onor, dignidad
closest word to karangalan is ?
dignity
what are 2 concepts of karangalan?
Puri/praise/accolade
Dangal
is the external manifestation of karangalan?
Puri/ praise/ accolade
- root of the concept
-refers only to a person’s “self-dignity”
—the worth of a person as appreciated by the person himself.
dangal
dangal is recognized through rites of social approval referred to as??
parangal
In Filipino psychology is entirely—the intrinsic quality of person or sector that allows him/them to shine despite the grime of their appearance, environment
or status in life??
Dangal
Dangal is also referred to as_______ and _________?
honor and self respect
It is the inner strength of a person that allows him to face the
rich and the mighty with confidence and resolve.
dangal
interpreted as the freedom and license to do as one pleases. This
definition carries within itself its own limitation.
kalayaan
means life itself
kalayaan
The capacity of a person or group to commit an acts is determined not by the
parameters afforded him by law but by necessity.
Kalayaan
Kalayaan carries ?
life and death dimensions
indispensable condition for peace in
Philippine society, in the same breath as food and employment.
Katarungan
The movement for “justice,
freedom, and sovereignty,” which gained the limelight upon the?
assassination of Benigno Aquino
JAJA ACRONYM FOR?
JUST FOR AQUINO, JUSTICE FOR ALL
was prominently seen in
placards as Filipino nationalists mourned the death of noted student leader____________?
Leandro Alejandro
who was the nationalist president of Polytechnic University of the
Philippines, has been twice endangered and human rights lawyers have been murdered. ?
Nemesio Prudente
What are the 5 elements of filipino concept of katarungan?
1.) Law is not always just
2.) Karapatan, katotohanan, and Katwiran
3.) Katotohanan and Katwiran
4.) Kapayapaan and pagkakaisa
5.) Consensus or pagkakaisa
Karapatan, katotohanan, and katwiran as elements of
katarungan flow from the principle laid down by the?
Anglo Saxon legal system
They pertain
primarily to the conditions necessary for the smooth running of the formal court system.
Nevertheless, these three fit well into the Filipino ethos.
Karapatan, Katotohanan, Katuwiran
What are 2 elements that must always be
present in all phases of the court action?
Katotohanan and Katuwiran
2 elements perceived as
making up the concept of justice, derive from the people’s kapwa-centered value system?
kapayapaan and pagkakaisa
These last two elements have
colored the Filipino’s perception of justice to such an extent that it may be described as
“accommodative” rather than “confrontative,” a uniquely Filipino way of insuring minimal
disturbance to the Filipino core value of kapwa.
consensus or pagkakaisa
denotes command, order or decree, meanings different
from the primary meanings of katarungan.
Batas o Law
What are 4 dimensions of katarungan?
1.)Distinction between the code of the law itself and the implementation of this code.
2.) Recognition of the certain basic rights
3.) Dapat-root word of karapatan- means appropriate or correct
4.) Emphasis on personal rights indicates personal notion of justice
Kagandahang loob: Pakikipagkapwa as Pagkamatao in english?
Nobility, Benevolence and compassion in kapwa psychology
fundamental concept of katarungan is
fairness
is derived from the idea that
katarungan includes the idea of “appropriateness.
fairness
Two concepts related to the value of katarungan are?
Katotohanan and katuwiran
For katarungan to be realized,
there should be untarnished
katapatan o honesty
is the core of katapatan
katotohanan
implies a consensus or an agreement
among all parties involved in a situation?
Pagkakaisa
concept of katarungan operates at the highest level of social interaction,
pagkakaisa
is also the highest level of interpersonal interaction possible.
Pagkakaisa
2 significant characteristic of kapayapaan?
1.) value given to kapayapaan along with katarungan, giving the latter a non-confrontative quality
2.) Katarungan is graded
is a manifestation of this non-confrontative, and therefore accommodative nature of
the concept of katarungan.
Palakasan
must be taken not to generalize that this element is equally perceive by the
different subcultures in Philippine society. This apprehension is borne out by the fact that the
respondents promoting such a concept belong to lowland communities which are relatively free from the tension and strife evident in the other areas in the countryside
CARE
are ultimately responsible for the perpetuation of
injustice in Philippine society, particularly among the poor and underprivileged.
relations of domination and exploitation
