Chapter 4 Flashcards
Balance
Balance refers to how objects or shapes are distributed to correctly use space. There are three different types of balance: symmetrical, asymmetrical, and radial.
Correlation
Correlation estimates the relationship between two or more numerical variables.
Data Visualization
Data visualization combines data analysis with computer graphics to efficiently identify trends, patterns, relationships, and outliers. Data visualization encodes quantitative values into graphical formats so data can be presented visually.
Design Elements
Design elements are visual attributes describing various elements of a display. These building blocks of design can be represented by seven elements: color, form, line, shape, space, texture, and typography.
Deviation
Deviation analysis shows changes (departures) compared to another standard or value of reference.
Dimension
Dimensions consist of qualitative or categorical information and usually identify variable names.
Emphasis
Involves placing emphasis on important insights to attract the viewer’s attention.
Frequency Distribution
Frequency distributions indicate how many observations fall within a certain interval, and the bars do not overlap or touch each other.
Hue
Hue is the name of the color, such as red, blue, or green.
Measure
When data is quantitative or numerical, it is considered a measure.
Nominal Comparison
Nominal comparisons display different quantitative values of subcategories that are not in a specific order and do not share a particular relationship.
Part to Whole
Part to whole relationships consist of categories measured as fractions or ratios.
Principles of Design
Principles of design are foundational rules to apply when creating visualizations. The six basic principles of design—balance, emphasis, proportion, rhythm, variety, and unity.
Proportion
Proportion refers to the size of each object in the visualization relative to its importance or numerical value.
Rankings
Rankings demonstrate a data point’s position based upon importance, preference, or achievement.
Rhythm
Rhythm ensures a perception of seamless, visually appealing transition between design elements.
Saturation
Saturation is a measure of the intensity or dullness of the color. Colors are highly saturated when they appear pure, whereas desaturated colors look dull.
Time Series
Time series visuals demonstrate how values change over time.
Unity
Unity is achieved when there is a harmonious appearance and the design elements appear to belong together.
Value
Value means the data is useful for making accurate business decisions.
Variety
Variety in the type of visualizations used (e.g., bar graph, line chart, map, etc.); promotes engagement in the presentation, and helps viewers process the information into long-term memory.
