Chapter 4 Flashcards
Who is Samuel de Champlain? What role did he play?
Samuel de Champlain started his career as a soldier and was a successful navigator who made 23 voyages across the Atlantic ocean. Champlain was a skilled geographer and cartographer whose maps of the east coast of Canada and the St. Lawrence river are still valid. He was also a colonizer who made alliances with the Mi’kmaq and Huron peoples and helped with the settlement and the formation of the new French colony.
Example sentence: Samuel de Champlain played a crucial role in the exploration and colonization of Canada.
What reasons did Champlain give to convince France to support a colony in New France?
Champlain convinced Cardinal Richelieu of the vast resources available in Canada: lumber, minerals, furs, fish, and farmland.
What colonies were established and for what reasons?
(1) Acadia - first colony, Champlain looked to gain a foothold on the prospects of wealth.
(2) Point Royal - more sheltered, remained dependent on economic and military support.
(3) Quebec - advantageous location for trade, beautiful and fertile, defensible in military, and to christianize Aboriginal.
How did Champlain and the European presence forever alter warfare between the Aboriginal groups?
Champlain, who was allied with the Huron peoples, helped attack the Iroquois at the Battle of Ticonderoga Point. At this battle, firearms were introduced to Aboriginal society.
What role did the Aboriginal peoples play in the settlement of these colonies?
The Mi’kmaq peoples helped them find food, taught them techniques for surviving in the land, and assisted Champlain in explorations down the coast
What was the name of the new French colony formed in Eastern Canada?
ACADIA
Who led the expedition to establish a French colony in Acadia?
Pierre du Gua de Monts
What was De Mont’s mandate from King Henri?
To establish bush settlements in New France in exchange for an exclusive right to trade with the Aboriginal Peoples of the regions.
What happened to the inhabitants during the first winter of the early settlement?
Many inhabitants died due to the cold weather, poor preparations, scurvy, and other diseases. (Almost half of the people died)
What decision did de Mont and Champlain make in 1605?
They decided to move their settlement to Port Royal.
Why were the French settlers dependent on economic and military support from France?
In order to keep the colony alive.
Who did Champlain set up alliances with at Port Royal?
The Mi’kmaq Aboriginal peoples, specifically led by Chief Membertou.
Why were the alliances with the Aboriginal people crucial for Champlain and the colonists?
They were crucial for trade as the Aboriginal people saw it as being hospitable and friendly.
What was the Europeans’ perception of Aboriginal non-resistance?
They saw it as an extension of hospitality, allowing the French to gain a foothold in the region.
What argument did Champlain successfully make to King Louis XIII regarding establishing a colony in New France?
That it would serve to Christianize the Aboriginal peoples.
