Chapter 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Cells numbers are determined by

A

Cell proliferation, death by apoptosis, stem cell differentiation

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2
Q

Tissue repair is also dependant on

A

growth factors

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3
Q

Cell proliferation

A

increasing the number of cells by mitosis

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4
Q

Cell differentiation

A

cells become specialized by function and structure

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5
Q

What are the 5 phases of the cell cycle?

A

Gap 1, S, Gap 2, M …. Gap 0

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6
Q

Gap 1

A

cell gets ready for DNA replication and mitosis, increases in size

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7
Q

Synthesis

A

DNA synthesizes and chromosomes are replicated (10-12 hours)

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8
Q

Gap 2

A

enzymes and proteins needed for cell division are synthesized and move into place

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9
Q

Mitosis

A

formation of mitotic spindle and cell division, actually splitting occurs (1 hour)

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10
Q

Gap 0

A

no apart of cycle, resting phase

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11
Q

In the cell cycle there are cyclins. They are ?

A

proteins that control cell movement, help with DNa repair at checkpoints if error occurs

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12
Q

Checkpoints are..

A

in the cell cycle and make sure the necessary elements are available and ready to divide

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13
Q

What are labile, stable, and permanent cells?

A

labile-divide and replicate entire life
stable- enter gap 0 but can be stimulated to regenerate
Permanent- differentiated and leave cycle

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14
Q

What are the properties of stem cells

A

Self renewal- can undergo mitosis while still not differentiated
Asymmetrical replication- when replicating, one cell is differentiated and one remains a stem cells
Differentiation potential- can become more diff. with each generation

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15
Q

Phases of connective tissue repair

A
  1. angiogenesis and ingrowth of granulation tissue
  2. emigration of fibroblasts and deposition of ECM
  3. maturation and remodelling of fibrous tissue
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16
Q

Phases of cutaneous wound healing

A
  1. Inflammatory (blood clot, inflam. cells)
  2. proliferative (granulation, epithelization)
  3. remodelling
17
Q

What is keloid formation?

A

excessive production of scar tissue, genetic

18
Q

How does protein defiency, carbs, fat, Vit A, C, K affect wound healing?

A
  • prolongs inflam. response by impairing fibroblasts.
  • needed for energy
  • needed to synthesize new cells
  • stimulates epithilization, collagen syn., angiogen.
  • collagen synthesis
  • ability to clot