Chapter 4

Question 0

Hierarchical diffusion

Answer 0

The spread and reinforcement of a cultural trait from a position of power or authority to those with less power or authority

Question 1

Expansion

Answer 1

A subtype of diffusion in which a trait spreads outward from its hearth while remaining strong in the original location through hierarchical , contagious or stimulus patterns

Question 2

Contagious diffusion

Answer 2

The rapid and expansive spread of a cultural trait

Question 3

Stimulus diffusion

Answer 3

When one cultural tapir emerges out of another

Question 4

Cultural convergence

Answer 4

The adoption of a culture or cultural trait by people who live away from its Hearth

Question 5

Acculturation

Answer 5

When people migrate to another country, the immigrant will adopt aspects of the new culture And add the new trait to the traits of their home culture

Question 6

Assimilation

Answer 6

When a “weaker” culture adopts traits from a dominant culture

Question 7

Transcultration

Answer 7

Two cultures that have equal influence of each other without the same effects of acculturation or assimilation

Question 8

Cultural extinction

Answer 8

Obliteration of an entire culture by war, acculturation or any combination of the three

Question 9

S curve

Answer 9

The shape that shows that rate at which cultural traits are adopted

Question 10

Innovator

Answer 10

Someone who introduces a new cultural trait

Question 11

Early adopter

Answer 11

Someone who adopts a new cultural trait early in the diffusion process

Question 12

Late adopter

Answer 12

Someone who resists the spread of a new cultural trait

Question 13

Globalization

Answer 13

The spread and subsequent adoption of a cultural trait across many cultures and countries

Question 14

Cultural imperialism

Answer 14

When a one cultural system from another part of the world invades and dominates a local cultural system

Question 15

Cultural divergence (cultural nationalism)

Answer 15

When a group of people resists the influence of a particular cultural system

Question 16

Xenophobia

Answer 16

The fear of alien people and cultures

Question 17

Perceptual region/vernacular region

Answer 17

Area with boundaries that are defined by cultural trait or beliefs, attitudes and opinions.

Question 18

Custom

Answer 18

A repetitive act of a group, performed to the extent that it becomes a characteristic of the group

Question 19

Folk culture

Answer 19

Culture that is predicted by small homogenous groups living in an isolated area

Question 20

Habit

Answer 20

A repetitive act performed by an individual

Question 21

Popular culture

Answer 21

Culture that is practiced by large heterogeneous groups over a large area

Question 22

Taboo

Answer 22

Refusal to dat particular plants or animals that are thought to embody negative forces in the environment

Question 23

Terroir

Answer 23

The contribution of a locations distinctive physical features on the way a food testes

Question 24

S-curve

Answer 24

The shape that reflects the rate of adoption of a new cultural trait

Question 25

Cultural landscape (built environment)

Answer 25

Tangible result of a human groups interaction with its environment

Question 26

Sequent occupance

Answer 26

Theory that a place is occupied by different groups of people, each group leaving an imprint on the place from which the next group learns

Question 27

Cultural determinism

Answer 27

Humans WILL overcome the restrictions of the local environment through the use of technology

Question 28

Cultural trait

Answer 28

A single attribute of culture (bowing or shaking hands)

Question 29

Nonmaterial culture

Answer 29

Cultural traits that are intangible such as beliefs and attitudes

Question 30

Culture complex/ cultural realm

Answer 30

The combination of all cultural traits

Question 31

Culture system t

Answer 31

Incorporate variations in cultural traits, while recognizing similarities

Question 32

Cultural hearth

Answer 32

Places where important ideas began and from which they spread

Question 33

Relocation diffusion

Answer 33

The spread of cultural traits through the movement of people

Question 34

Migrant diffusion

Answer 34

A type of relocation diffusion where the influence of a culture only lasts a short time

Question 35

Maladaptive diffusion

Answer 35

Adoption of a diffusing trait that is impractical for a region or culture

Question 36

Distance decay

Answer 36

The deceased influence of a culture or cultural trait the further the distance from its hearth

Question 37

Spatial diffusion

Answer 37

Spread of any phenomenon across space and time. Cultural diffusion is a form if spatial diffusion in which cultural phenomena diffuse