Chapter 4

Question 0

Wavelength

Answer 0

Distance between successive crests of the wave

Question 1

All waves can be described in terms of

Answer 1

Amplitude
Wavelength
Frequency
Speed

Question 2

Frequency

Answer 2

How fast the wave oscillates up and down

Question 3

Speed of light

Answer 3

3.00x10^8 m/s

Question 4

Amplitude

Answer 4

Height of the wave measured from the origin to its crest, or peak

Question 5

Visible spectrum

Answer 5

ROYGBIV

Question 6

Planck’s theory

Answer 6

Fundamental restriction on the amounts of energy that an object emits or absorbs, and each piece of energy is called a quantum

Question 7

Quantum

Answer 7

Fixed amount

Question 8

Quantization of energy

Answer 8

Energies absorbed or emitted are quantized, which means that their values are restricted to certain quantities

Question 9

Planck’s constant

Answer 9

6.6262x10^-34 J-s

Question 10

Photoelectric effect

Answer 10

Electrons are ejected from the surface of metal when light shines in the metal

Question 11

Line spectrum

Answer 11

A spectrum containing only certain colors, or wavelengths, is called a line spectrum

Question 12

Ground state

Answer 12

N=1

Question 13

Excited state

Answer 13

Everything above ground state

Question 14

Heisenberg’s uncertainty principle

Answer 14

The position and momentum of a moving object cannot simultaneously be measured and known exactly

Question 15

What does the quantum-mechanical model explain?

Answer 15

The probability that electrons will be found I’m certain places

Question 16

Atomic orbital

Answer 16

Region around the nucleus of an atom where an electron with a given energy is likely to be found

Question 17

Orbit

Answer 17

Bohr model

Question 18

Shape of s orbital

Answer 18

Spherical

Question 19

Shape of p orbital

Answer 19

Dumbbell

Question 20

N=1

Answer 20

1s

Question 21

N=2

Answer 21

2s, 2p

Question 22

N=3

Answer 22

3s, 3p, 3d

Question 23

N=4

Answer 23

4s, 4p, 4d, 4f

Question 24

Electron configuration

Answer 24

Distributions among the orbitals of an atom

Question 25

Electron configurations of atoms are determined by

Answer 25

Distributing the atom’s electrons among levels, sublevels, and orbitals based on a set of stated principles

Question 26

Aufbau Principle

Answer 26

Electrons are added one at a time to the lowest energy orbitals available until all the electrons of the atom have been accounted for

Question 27

Pauli Exclusion Principle

Answer 27

An orbital can hold a maximum of 2 electrons

Question 28

Hund’s Rule

Answer 28

Electrons occupy equal-energy orbitals so that a maximum number of unpaired electrons results