Chapter 4 Flashcards
Crust (secondary)
Dead cells formed over a wound or blemish while it’s healing
Excoriation (secondary)
Skin sore or abrasion produced by scratching or scraping
Fissure (secondary)
Crack in the skin that may penetrate into the dermis
Keloid (secondary)
Thick scar resulting from excessive growth of fibrous tissue
Scale (secondary)
Excessive shedding of dead skin cells
Scar (secondary)
Discolored, slightly raised mark on the skin formed after an injury
Ulcer (secondary)
Open lesion on the skin or mucous membrane of the body, accompanied by loss of skin depth
Contact dermatitis
Inflammatory skin condition caused by contact with a substance or chemical
Tinea Versicolor
A fungal condition that inhibits melanin production
Characterized by white, brown, or salmon colored flaky patches
Vitiligo
Pigmentation disease characterized by white patches of the skin that are totally lacking pigment
Albinism
Rare genetic condition characterized by the lack of melanin pigment in the body including the skin, hair, and eyes
Leukoderma
Loss of pigmentation leading to light, abnormal patches of skin
Albinism and Vitiligo are both types of Leukoderma
Tan
A change in pigmentation due to melanin production as a defense against UV radiation that damaged the skin
Nevus
Malformation of the skin from abnormal pigmentation of dilated capillaries
Also known as a birthmark
Ephelids
Also known as freckles
Tiny or round pigmented areas exposed to the sun
Determined by genetics, but affected by sun exposure
Lentigo
A flat, pigmented area similar to a freckle
Associated with aging skin, induced by sun exposure and photo damage
Melasma
Hyperpigmentation triggered by hormonal changes, often during pregnancy or with birth control
Varicose Veins
Vascular lesions that are abnormally dilated and twisted veins
Telangiectasia
Capillaries that have been damaged and are now larger, or distended blood vessels
Rosacea
Inflammation of the skin characterized by redness, dilation of blood vessels, and in severe cases, the formation of papules and pastules
Postinflammorty Hyperpigmentation (PIH)
Darkened pigmentation due to an injury to the skin
Poikiloderma of Civatte
Actinic bronzing (chronic sun exposure) to the sides of the face and neck. The skin turns reddish-brown with a distract white patch under the chin
Not cancerous
Port Wine Stain
Vascular Nevus
Abnormal brown or wine-colored skin discoloration with a circular or irregular shape
Status dermatitis
Chronic inflammatory state in the legs due to poor circulation
Seborrheic Dermatitis
Skin condition characterized by inflammation, dry or oily scaling or crusting and/or itchiness
Perioral Dermatitis
Acne-like condition around the mouth,consisting mainly of small clusters of papules
Eczema
An inflammatory, painful, itching disease of the skin
Atopic Dermatitis
Chronic, relapsing form of dermatitis
Allergic Contact Dermatitis
Causes by exposure to direct skin contact with an allergen
Skin can become sensitized to an allergen over time
Grade 4 acne
Cystic acne
Cysts with comedowns, papules, pustules, and inflammation
Scar formation from tissue damage is common
Grade 3 Acne
Red and inflamed
Many comedowns, papules, and pustules
Grade 2 Acne
Many closed comedones, more open comedones, and occasional papules and pustules
Grade 1 Acne
Minor breakouts, mostly open comedones, some closed and a few papules
Asteatosis
Tried scaly skin from sebum deficiency, can be due to aging, internal disorders, harsh soaps, or prolonged cold exposure
Seborrhea
Severe oiliness of the skin
An abnormal secretion from the sebaceous glands
When it is in the scalp it’s called dandruff or seborrheic dermatitis
Sebaceous Hyperplasia
White, yellow, or flesh colored benign lesions frequently seen in oilier areas of the face
Retention Hyperkeratosis
Hereditary factor in which dead skin cells build up because they don’t shed from the follicles as they do normal skin
Milia
Epidermal cysts that are small, firm, white papules
Sebaceous Filaments
Similar to open comedones, small solidified impactions of oil without cell matter
Comedo
Non-inflamed build up of cells, sebum, and other debris inside follicles
Acne
Chronic inflammatory skin disorder of the sebaceous glands
Characterized by comedones and blemishes
Normal mole
Small brownish spot on the skin
Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Moderately serious form of skin cancer characterized by red or pink scaly papules
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Most common and least severe type of skin cancer which often appears as light, pearly nodules
Malignant Melanoma
Most serious form of skin cancer. It can quickly spread. black or dark patches on the skin are uneven in texture, jagged, or raises.
Actin Keratosis
Pink of flesh colored precancerous lesions that feels sharp or rough and is a result of sun damage
Wheal (primary)
Itchy, swollen lesion caused by a blow, insect bite, skin allergy reaction, or stings
Vesicle (primary)
A small blister or sac containing clear fluid
Pustule (primary)
Inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus
Papule
A small elevation on the skin that contains no fluid, but may develop into a pustule
Nodule
Bump smaller than a tumor, cause by scar tissue, fatty deposits, or infections
Macule
A flat spot or discoloration on the skin
Cyst
Closed, abnormally developed sac containing fluid, infection, or other matter above or below the skin
Bulla
A large list containing watery fluid
Tumor
Abnormal cell mass, resulting from excessive cell multiplication. Varying in size, shape, and color
Tubercle
Abnormal, rounded solid lump larger than a papule
Hyperkeratosis
Thickening of the skin caused by a mass of keratinocytes
Keratoma
Acquired, thickened patch of epidermis
Keratosis
An abnormally thick buildup of skin cells
Keratosis Pilaris
Redness and bumpiness in the cheek or upper arms
Psoriasis
Itchy skin disease characterized by red patches covered with white-silver scales
Skin Tag
Small outgrowths or extensions of the skin that look like flaps
Conjunctivitis
Inflammation of the mucous membranes around the eye due to chemical, bacterial, or viral causes
Herpes Simplex Virus 1
Recurring viral infection such as fever, blisters, or cold sores
Herpes Simplex Virus 2
Genital herpes; a vesicle or group of vesicles on a red, swollen base
Herpes Zoster
Painful skin condition from the reactivation of the chickenpox virus
Impetigo
A bacterial infection of the skin that often occurs in children
Onychomycosis
Fungal infection that produces thick, brittle, discolored nails
Tinea
Fungal infections
Tinea corporis
Also known as ringworm
Verruca/wart
Hypertrophy of the papillae and epidermis caused by a virus
Dermatillomania
Obsessive compulsive disorder where a client picks at their skin to the point of injury
Body Dysmorphic Disorder
Psychological disorder where a client has an obsession with their appearance. This is often accompanied by an unrealistic picture of what they look like
Anhidrosis
Deficiency in perspiration due to failure of the sweat glands
Often results from a fever or skin disease
Requires medical treatment
Bromhidrosis
Foul-smelling perspiration
Hyperhidrosis
Chronic expressive perspiration caused by heat, stress, or medications
Diaphoresis - menopause or other medical conditions
Miliaria rubra
Acute inflammatory disorder of the sweat gland
Results in the eruption of red vesicles and burning, itching skin from excessive heat exposure
Diapho
Swelling from a fluid imbalance in the cells or from a response to injury, infection, or medication
Erythema
Redness caused by inflammation
Folliculitis
Hair grows under the surface instead of growing up and out of the follicle, causing an infection
Pruitis
Medical term for itching
Urticaria
Also known as hives, an allergic reaction by the body’s histamine production
Hyperpigmentation
Overproduction of pigment
Hypertrophy
An abnormal growth
