Chapter 4 Flashcards
Debrief
To inform participants afterward about a study’s true nature, details, and hypotheses.
Principle of respect for persons
An ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that research participants should be treated as autonomous agents and that certain groups deserve special protection.
Informed Consent
The right of research participants to learn about a research project, know its risks and benefits, and decide whether to participate.
Principal of Beneficence
An ethical principle from the Belmont Report stating that researchers must take precautions to protect participants from harm and to promote their well-being.
Anonymous Study
A research study in which identifying information is not collected, thereby completely protecting the identity of participants.
Principle of Justice
An ethical principle from the Belmont Report calling for a fair balance between the kinds of people who participate in research and the kinds of people who benefit from it.
Confidential Study
A research study in which identifying information is collected, but protected from disclosure to people other than the researchers.
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
A committee responsible for ensuring that research using human participants is conducted ethically.
Deception
The withholding of some details of a study from participants (deception through omission) or the act of actively lying to them (deception through commission).
Data Fabrication
A form of research misconduct in which a researcher invents data that fit the hypothesis.
Data Falsification
A form of research misconduct in which a researcher influences a study’s results, perhaps by deleting observations from a data set or by influencing participants to act in the hypothesized way.
Plagiarism
Representing the ideas or words of others as one’s own; a form of research misconduct.
Self-Plagiarism
A potentially unethical practice in which researchers recycle their own previously published text, verbatim and without attribution, in a subsequent article.
