Chapter 4 Flashcards
info of basic FS (nature)
simple and complex
structured representation of the P and Fperf of an entity
Financial Statements
FP of an entity; as of a given reporting date; contains asset, liab and equity
SFP
for a given reporting period; contains profit or loss and OCI
SCI
historical changes in cash and cash equivalents; during a reporting period
SCF
changes in equity & PnL, OCI and transactions with owners of the enterprise
SCOE
accounting policies adopted; schedules to support the balances; other info relevant to the user & is not appropriately presented on the face
Notes to FS
FS portrays
economic activities, result of the economic act, and representation of the company’s management
specific principles, bases, conventions, rules and practices applied by an entity in preparing FS; should be in compliance with the FR framework
Accounting Policies
FS, except SCF, are presented applying the accrual basis
True
balance sheet; as of a given date, ALOE
Statement of Financial Position
formal presentation of the accounting equation
SFP
PAS 1: Presentation of FS (A&L) - How?
(1) current and non-current and (2) liquidity
characteristics of current assets
to be realized, intended for sale/consumption in the entity’s NOC, purpose of trading and realized within 12 mos after RP, and cash and CE, unless restricted from being exchanged/used to settle a liab at least 12 mos from end of RP
presumed to be unrestricted
Cash
it is realized in the entity’s NOC
Trade Receivables (Notes and Accounts)
sold in the entity’s NOC
Inventories
consumed in the entity’s NOC
Prepaid Expenses
purpose of trading
Financial Asset at FV through PnL
investment in shares of stock; inv in debt insurance of other entities
FVTPL
dividends receivable, interest receivable, advances to officers due currently and realized within 12 mos after the RP
Non-trade receivable collectible within 12 mos
characteristics of current liab
settled in the entity’s NOC, purpose of trading, due to be settled within 12 mos after RP, does not have an unconditional right to defer the settlement of liab for at least 12 mos after RP
settled in NOC
Trade Payable (Accounts and Notes)
settled in NOC
Accrued Expenses
settled within 12 mos after RP
Dividends Payable
earned within the NOC
Unearned Revenues
does not have an unconditional right to postpone settlement of obli
Long term notes payable due within 12 mos, maturity date is extended for 5 years from OG
land, building, equipment, furniture & fixtures, and tools
PPE
patents, franchise, trademarks, and customer list
Intangible Asset
land & building held for appreciation in value and rental
Investment Property
long-term advances to officers and key employees and non-trade receivables (collectible after 12 mos)
Fin. A not expected to be realized in cash in the entity’s NOC or within 12 mos after RP
due beyond 12 mos from end of RP
Long-term Notes Payable
due beyond 12 mos after RP
Bonds Payable
due within 12 mos after RP but term is extended on a long-term basis and negotiation is completed before the end of RP
Long-Term Notes Payable
presentation depends on the form of bus org according to ownership
Equity
capital account of the proprietor and balance of the sum of cap & drawing accounts (drawing are not permanently transferred to cap) and each partner’s equity is presented separately
SFP - sole proprietorship & partnership
according to source
SFP - corporation
contributed capital, retained earnings, cumulative OCI
SHE
share capital = ordinary and preference share
Contributed Capital
cc in excess of the legal capital
Share Premium/Add Contributed Capital
cumulative profits earned - dividends declared
Retained Earnings
change in equity arising from non-owner transactions that do not pass through PnL but are taken to OCI
Cumulative OCI
revaluation surplus, unrealized G/L, FOREX translation G/L, actuarial G/L on defined benefit employee retirement plans
Cumulative OCI
3 forms of SFP
account form, report form and financial position form
big T-account; assets (left) and liab & equity (right)
Account Form
continuous format of presenting all 3 elements
Report Form
it emphasizes the working capital (net assets = equity)
Financial Position Form
Working Capital
current assets - current liabilities
performance of an entity; for a given RP; income and expenses
SCI
PnL section (income statement); OCI
Fin. Perf of an entity
2 forms of SCI
one statement form and two-statement form
PNL and OCI
One Statement Form
1 statement for PNL and 1 statement for OCI (PNL -1st and OCI)
Two-Statement Form
merchandising/manufacturing; COGS, selling/marketing, GenAd and other OPEX
Function of Expense Method
service; presented based on account names in edger; salaries, supplies, insurance, depreciation, amortization and OPEX
Nature of Expense Method
2 forms of Expenses
function of expense method and nature of expense method
inflows & outflows of C & CE
SCF
3 kinds of activities in SCF
operating, investing and financing
short-term placement of cash; time deposits maturing within 90 days/less; debt securities maturing 90 days/less from date of acquisition
Cash Equivalents
determination of income in PnL; collections from customers
Operating Activities
payment to suppliers, payment to employees for wages and salaries, payment to gov for taxes and payment to lenders for interest
Operating Activities
transactions affecting assets not normally identified with normal operating cycle
Investing Activities
earnings per share are required: basic and diluted
Large/Publicly accountable entities
profit earned by a holder of 1 OSC
Earnings per Share
profit is reduced by?
PS if cumulative and PS is non-cumulative
whether PS is declared or not
Cumulative
div on PS that has been declared during the period
Non-cumulative
profit only in the numerator excluding the OCI
True
granting of non-trade loans & collecting them; acquiring and disposing inv in non-current fin assets; acquiring and disposing PPE and intangible assets
Investing Activities
non-trade liab and SHE; payment of dividends; issuance of debt; issuance of share capital
Financing Activities
repayment of settlement of debt obligations; purchase of treasury shares
Financial Assets
non-cash act that significantly affect assets & liab are not presented on the face but on the notes
True
2 methods of presenting CF
direct and indirect method (provided that presentation is consistent from one period to another)
enumerates major classes of gross operating cash receipts and payments
Direct Method
made based on income statement accounts and changes in account balances in SFP
Reconstructions
reconciling PNL before income tax to operating cash flows
Indirect Method
income and expenses not involving cash receipts and cash payments
Adjustments
movement of each equity component during a RP; one column for each equity component; beg balance of each equity account is reconciled to the end balance
SCOE
elements of notes to FS
basis for presentation of FS, supporting sched for line items presented on the face, and other disclosures
Basis for presentation of FS
summary of significant acco policies
Supporting sched for line items presented on the face
details of the balance of inventories, PPE and intangible assets
contingent liabilities; contractual commitments; events after the RP (relevant)
Other disclosures
affect the amounts or classification of elements; required additional info to be presented in the notes
Effect of events after the RP
events, favorable & unfavorable, that occur bet the end of the RP and the date when the FS are authorized for issue
Events after the RP
management of the enterprise approves and authorizes the issue of the FS
Date of Issuance
BoD authorizes the FS
Corporate form of org
2 types of events after RP
adjusting and non-adjusting events
conditions that existed at the end of RP
Adjusting Events
indicate of conditions that arose after the RP
Non-Adjusting Events
reclassify the info and recognize a FS element that was not previously recognized
Adjusting Events
related to a condition different from the condition as of the RP
Non-Adjusting Events
may be ignored if not considered significant and will not affect the evaluation of the user
Non-Adjusting Events
material & non-disclosure could influence the economic decision of the users = disclosed (nature and estimate)
Non-Adjusting Events