Chapter 4 Flashcards
what is the definition of Arteriole?
a small artery with a muscular wall; a terminal artery that continues into a capillary network.
what is the definition of Artery?
a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart.
what is the definition of Capillary?
a small blood vessel with only endothelium & basement membrane through which the exchange of nutrients and waste occur.
what is the definition of Vein?
a blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.
what is the definition of venule?
a small vein that is continuous with a capillary.
how is blood circulated throughout the body?
by a network of arteries, veins, & capillaries
what do arteries do?
carry blood rich in nutrients and oxygen from the heart out to organs & tissue beds
what do veins do?
return deoxygenated blood with waste materials toward the heart.
what is anastomosis?
connection between two vessels.
what is arteriovenous fistula?
connection allowing communication between an artery and a vein.
what does ectasia mean?
dilation, expansion, or distention
what does the nutcracker phenomenon refer to?
the compression of the left renal vein between the aorta and the SMA
typically blood vessels are composed of three distinct layers called?
Tunica Intima, media & adventitia
what are segments of the aorta?
ascending, arch, descending, thoracic, abdominal
Aorta relational anatomy
Anterior to the spine.
Left of IVC.
More posterior proximally than distally.
Inferior vena cava relational anatomy
Anterior to the spine.
Right of the aorta.
Courses anteriorly to enter right atrium.
Hepatic artery relational anatomy
Anterior to the portal vein.
Left of the common bile duct.
Superior to the head of pancreas.
Splenic artery relational anatomy
Superior to the body and tail of the pancreas.
Superior mesenteric artery relational anatomy
Posterior to the body of the pancreas and the splenic vein.
Anterior to the aorta.
Right renal artery relational anatomy
Posterior to the IVC
Splenic vein relational anatomy
Posterior to the body and tail of the pancreas.
Inferior to the splenic artery.
Superior mesenteric vein relational anatomy
Right of & parallel to the superior mesenteric artery
Left renal vein relational anatomy
Anterior to the aorta.
Posterior to the superior mesenteric artery.
Anterior to the right renal artery.
Portal vein relational anatomy
Anterior to the inferior vena cava.
Common bile duct relational anatomy
Anterior to the portal vein.
Right of the hepatic artery.
what is an aneurysm?
A localized dilation of the wall of an artery.
