Chapter 39 & 40 Flashcards
An abnormal blowing or swishing sound heard when auscultating an artery is a:
Bruit
The ______________ is the saclike membrane surrounding the heart
Pericardium
Which of the following factors increase the blood pressure?
Smoking, vasoconstriction, and plaque
Whole blood is composed of blood cells and lymph.
False (Plasma & blood cells)
__________ transmit the impulse quickly and efficiently to the ventricular myocardial cells.
Purkinje fibers
The liquid portion of the blood is plasma.
True
The amount of blood expelled from the left ventricle compared with the total volume filling the ventricle is called:
Ejection fraction
Bulging of the arterial wall that can burst, causing bleeding and possible death is:
Aneurysm
Fainting is
Syncope
What is the medication classification of enoxaparin (Lovenox)?
Anticoagulant
Low blood pressure is called?
Hypotension
White blood cells are also called:
Leukocytes
What is a procedure that widen narrowed blood vessels, by expanding a small balloon at the site, which compresses widens the vessel?
Angioplasty
Swollen, twisted veins seen under the skin are:
Varicose veins
Destruction of abnormal cardiac electrical pathways using heat or cold causing arrhythmias is:
Ablation
The natural pacemaker of the heart is the:
Sinoatrial Node (SA)
A thrombocyte is a platelet
True
A condition in which plaque or atheroma build up in the arteries is:
atherosclerosis
An abnormally rapid heartbeat is:
Tachycardia
A thrombocyte is a type of granulocyte
False (Thrombocytes are platelets)
The area of the chest wall anterior to the heart and lower thorax is:
Precordium
_________ is the inability of the heart muscle to pump blood efficiently and blood backs up behind the failing pump.
Congestive heart failure
Almost all veins carry deoxygenated blood, with the exception of the
pulmonary veins.
Leukocytes are clotting cells
False (white blood cells)
This type of shock occurs when a person has excessive loss of blood or body fluids from internal or external hemorrhage
Hypovolemic
The two types of thrombocytes are granulocytes and agranulocytes
False (Granulocytes and agranulocytes are two types of leukocytes)
RBCs are erythrocytes
True
The _________ are the blood vessels that carry oxygen-rich blood from the lungs to the heart.
pulmonary veins
What is the medication classification of diltiazem (Cardizem, Cartia)?
Calcium channel blocker
High blood pressure as a result of no identifiable cause is:
essential.
What is it when Ductus arteriosus when it does not close after birth
Blood into lungs
What is checking for sound on an ECG?
Doppler
Condition where cardiac contracts and stops completely?
Cardiac Arrest
Injection that closes the varicose vein?
Sclerotherapy
Type of circulation begins with blood being pumped at left side of heart?
Systemic Circulation
What does it mean to close or block off?
Occlude/ obstruction
Period of contraction the heart undergoes?
Systole
Period of relaxation when heart relaxes?
Diastole
Smallest blood vessels in the body?
Capillaries
Progressive disorder of muscles of the heart?
Cardiomyopathy
Another name for heart attack?
Myocardial Infraction
A disease where the atrial walls become thickened and lose their elasticity?
Arteriosclerosis
What sends electrical impulses to stabilize the heart?
Pacemaker
Decrease supply of oxygenated blood to body?
Ischemia
A disorder with hole in the wall in the lower chambers is?
Ventricular Septal defect
What increases urinary output?
Diuretics
Inner lining of the heart?
Endocardium
_____________ is an abnormal pattern of varing shallow and deep breathing.
Cheyne-stokes respiration
_______ is a difficulty breathing.
Dyspnea
What is the medication classification of pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)?
Decongestant
The procedure that measures the amount of air moving into and out of the lungs is:
Spirometry
What condition causes inflammation of the trachea and larynx and causes a harsh, bark-like cough?
Croup
What condition describes the need to sit or stand to breathe comfortably?
Orthopnea
______ is the expectoration of blood.
Hemoptysis
This classification of medication blocks the action of substances that cause asthma and allergic rhinitis.
Leukotriene receptor antagonists
This structure connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx.
Eustachian tube
The __________ closes off the trachea during swallowing so that food goes into the esophagus.
Epiglottis
An acute, infectious disease of the respiratory tract caused by a virus is:
Influenza
________ is a bluish discoloration of the skin and mucous membrane.
Cyanosis
An abnormal condition of coal dust in the lungs is:
Black lung disease
_____ is breathlessness.
Shortness of breath
What is the medication classification of albuterol (Ventolin HFA, Proventil)?
Bronchodilator
______ is a high-pitched, noisy breathing
Stridor
_______ or bubbling or popping sound heard on auscultation.
Rales
What is the medication classification of montelukast (Singulair)?
Leukotriene receptor antagonist
What is the medication classification of diphenhydramine (Benadryl, Unisom)?
Antihistamine
A whistling sound related to labored breathing is
Wheezing
Which of the following is not a CLIA-waived test used for pulmonary conditions?
ABG
This classification of medication inhibits the cough center.
Antitussives
____ is excessive drainage from the nose
Rhinorrhea
This classification of medication thins the secretions in the bronchial tubes to make it easier to cough up the mucus
Expectorants
____ is an abnormal enlargement of the distal phalanges (fingers and toes) associated with cyanotic heart disease or advanced chronic pulmonary disease
Clubbing
Expectoration of blood is:
hemoptysis
An exchange of gases between the cells in the body and the blood.
Internal respiration
An air sac at the end of a bronchiole is a(n):
Alveolus
The insertion of an instrument through the mouth to visualize the trachea and bronchi.
Bronchoscopy
This is the residue or chemical from the cigarette smoke, which can be inhaled or ingested and can cause problems
Thirdhand smoke
A test to diagnose cystic fibrosis is a:
Sweat Test
The medical terms for “throat” and “windpipe” are:
pharynx and trachea.
A respiratory infection also called whooping cough is
Pertussis
The term for the nostrils is:
Nares
This classification of medication relieves allergies
Antihistamines
A chronic infectious disease caused by bacteria and diagnosed by a TST and QFT is:
pulmonary tuberculosis.
______ is a continuous rumbling sound heard on auscultation
Rhonchi
What is the term for a high-pitched noisy breathing?
Stridor
Air or gas in the pleural cavity, causing the lung to collapse is called
pneumothorax.
Classification for hydrochlorothiazide (microzide, oretic) used for urinary out put and to lower blood pressure?
Diuretics
Classification for metoprolol (beta blockers) is?
Antihypertensives
A test in which a blood specimen is collected from the artery in the wrist, and the PH of the blood is?
ABG test Arterial blood gas
The pulmonary veins bring oxygenated blood back to the ________
Coronary Arteries
