Chapter 38: Assessment of Digestive and Gastrointestinal Function Flashcards
Three pancreatic secretions that contain digestive enzymes
Trypsin (proteins)
Amylase (starch)
Lipase (fats)
The digestion of starches begins in the mouth with the secretion of the enzyme
Ptyalin
Intrinsic factor
Vitamin B12
A hormonal regulatory substance that inhibits stomach contraction and gastric secretions
Secretin
Secreted by the gallbladder and is also responsible for fat emulsification
Bile
Four anatomical regions of the stomach
Cardia
Fundus
Body
Pylorus
Major carbohydrate that tissues use for fuel or energy
Glucose
Helps converts protein into amino acids
Trypsin
Facilitates the production of dextrins and maltose
Amylase
Digests protein and helps form polypeptides
Pepsin
Digests carbohydrates and helps form glucose
Sucrase
Glucose is a product of this enzyme’s action
Maltase
Helps form galactose
Lactase
It takes ________hrs after eating for food to pass into the terminal ileum
4hrs
It takes ________hrs for food to reach and distend the rectum
12hrs
Reflux of food into the esophagus from the stomach is prevented by contraction of the _____________
Cardiac sphincter
The stomach, which derives its acidity from hydrochloric acid, has a pH of approximately ______________
pH: 1.0
Chyme, partially digested food that is mixed with gastric contents, stimulates segmented contractions which are _____________, and intestinal peristalsis which is _________________
- Mixed waves that move the intestinal contents back and forth in a churning motion
- A movement that propels the contents of the small intestine toward the colon
Structural changes in the esophagus that occur as the result of age-related changes includes ____________________
- Decreased motility and emptying
- Weakened gag reflex
- Decreased resting pressure of the lower sphincter
A patient is scheduled for a Fiberoptic Colonoscopy. Which does the nurse inform the patient that Fiberoptic Colonoscopy is frequently used to diagnose?
Cancer screening
A patient is being prepared for esophageal manometry. The nurse will inform the patient to withhold which medication for 48hrs prior procedure?
Aspirin
The nurse is assisting the healthcare provider with a gastric acid stimulation test for a patient. Which medication will the nurse prepare to administer via SQ route to stimulate gastric secretions?
Pentagastrin
