Chapter 38

Question 1

Glial Cells

Answer 1

Cells of the nervous system that support, regulate and augment the functions of neurons.

Question 2

Central/Peripheral nervous systems

Answer 2

Central: brain and spinal cord
Peripheral: nerves that branch off from the spinal cord and extend to all parts of the body.

Question 3

Afferent/Efferent neurons

Answer 3

Afferent: carry nerve impulses from sensory stimuli towards the central nervous system and brain.
Efferent: motor neurons that carry neural impulses away from the central nervous system to the muscles.

Question 4

Hypothalamus

Answer 4

Part of the forebrain. Functions in maintaining homeostasis, coordinating endocrine and nervous systems. Secretes hormones of the posterior pituitary and releasing factors that regulate the anterior pituitary.

Question 5

Medulla Oblongota

Answer 5

The lowest part of the vertebrate brain. Controls autonomic, homeostatic functions. (heartbeat, respiration, etc.)

Question 6

Cerebellum

Answer 6

Part of the hindbrain. Functions in unconscious coordination of movement and balance.

Question 7

Cerebrum

Answer 7

Part of the forebrain. Composed of right and left hemispheres; center for memory, learning, emotions and other complex functions.

Question 8

Hippocampus

Answer 8

Brain structure embedded in the temporal lobe. Has a major role in learning and memory.

Question 9

Frontal Lobe

Answer 9

Behaviour and emotional control center.

Question 10

Occipital Lobe

Answer 10

Located at the back of the head. Responsible for visual perception.

Question 11

Cochlea

Answer 11

Coiled organ of hearing that contains the organ of Corti.

Question 12

Rods and Cones

Answer 12

Cells in the eye. Rods detect light levels, cones detect color.

Question 13

Retina

Answer 13

Innermost layer of the eye. Contains the rods and cones and neurons. transmits images formed by the lens to the brain via the optic nerve.