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Pathophysiology - Week 2 > Chapter 37 - Musculoskeletal > Flashcards

Chapter 37 - Musculoskeletal Flashcards

1
Q

close fracture

A

noncommunicating wound between bone and skin

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2
Q

open fracture

A

communicating wound between bone and skin

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3
Q

comminuted

A

multiple bone fragments

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4
Q

linear

A

parallel to long axix of bone

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5
Q

oqlique

A

angle to long axis

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6
Q

spiral

A

encirccling bone

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7
Q

transverse

A

perpendicular to long axis of bone

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8
Q

impacted

A

fragments pushed into each other

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9
Q

pathologic

A

fractures of a point of bone where bone has been weakened by disease

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10
Q

avulsion

A

fragment of bone connected to a ligament or tendon.

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11
Q

compression

A

fracture webbed or squeezed together

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12
Q

displaced

A

fracture with one, both, or all ligaments out of normal allignment

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13
Q

torus

A

buckling of cortex

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14
Q

bowing

A

bending of bone

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15
Q

stress

A

microfracture

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16
Q

transchondral

A

separation of cartilaginous joint surface

17
Q

direct fracture healing

A

adjacent bone surfaces are in contact with eachother

18
Q

reduction

A

puts fractures into correct alignment

19
Q

closed reduction

A

can fix without having to surgically go in and fix the dislocation

20
Q

open redution

A

have to go in and fix surgically

21
Q

immmobilization

A

holding bones in place after a fracture occurs

22
Q

nonunion

A

failure of bone ends to grow together.

23
Q

delayed union

A

union that does not occur until approximately 8 to 9 months after fracture

24
Q

malunion

A

Healing of a bone in an incorrect anatomic position

25
Q

Dislocation

A

displacement of one or more bones in a joint in which the opposing joint surfaces entirely lose contact.

26
Q

Subluxation

A

contact between the opposing joint surfaces is only partially lost.

27
Q

Sprains

A

ligament tears. Most common sites: wrist, ankle, elbow, knee joints.

28
Q

Avulsions

A

complete separation of a tendon or a ligament from bony site

Seen in young athletes, sprinters, hurdlers, and distance runners

29
Q

Strains

A

tearing or stretching of a tendon.

30
Q

Sprains and Strains are classified into three degrees: 1

A

fibers of muscle are stretched (strain) or remain stable (sprain)

31
Q

Sprains and Strains are classified into three degrees: 2

A

more tearing of tendon or ligament fibers, with muscle weakness (Strain) or some joint

32
Q

Sprains and Strains are classified into three degrees: 3

A

inability to contract the muscle normally and cause significant joint instability.

Pathophysiology - Week 2 (3 decks)

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