Chapter 34 Quiz

Question 1

A 2-year-old female has experienced a seizure. When you arrive at the scene, the child is conscious, crying, and clinging to her mother. Her skin is hot and moist. The mother tells you that the seizure lasted approximately 5 minutes. She further tells you that her daughter has no history of seizures, but has had a recent ear infection. You should:
Select one:
A. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.
B. suspect that the child has meningitis and transport at once.
C. place the child in cold water to attempt to reduce her fever.
D. allow the mother to drive her daughter to the hospital.

Answer 1

A. cool the child with tepid water and transport to the hospital.

Question 2

A 5-year-old child has had severe vomiting and diarrhea for 4 days. Which of the following assessment findings would be the MOST indicative of decompensated shock?
Select one:
A. Respiratory rate of 30 breaths/min
B. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg
C. Pulse rate greater than 120/min
D. Capillary refill time of 4 seconds

Answer 2

B. Blood pressure of 70/40 mm Hg

Question 3

A viral infection that may cause obstruction of the upper airway in a child is called:
Select one:
A. croup.
B. asthma.
C. bronchitis.
D. epiglottitis.

Answer 3

A. croup.

Question 4

An infant with severe dehydration would be expected to present with:
Select one:
A. moist oral mucosa.
B. absent urine output.
C. bulging fontanelles.
D. excessive tearing.

Answer 4

B. absent urine output.

Question 5

Burns in children are commonly caused by all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. entrapment in a structural fire.
B. exposure to caustic chemicals.
C. scalding water in a bathtub.
D. hot items on a stovetop.

Answer 5

A. entrapment in a structural fire.

Question 6

Common causes of seizures in children include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. electrolyte imbalances.
B. infection.
C. poisonings or ingestion.
D. hyperglycemia.

Answer 6

D. hyperglycemia.

Question 7

Infection should be considered a possible cause of an airway obstruction in an infant or child, especially if he or she presents with:
Select one:
A. skin that is cool and dry.
B. drooling or congestion.
C. acute respiratory distress.
D. extreme restlessness.

Answer 7

B. drooling or congestion.

Question 8

Pale skin in a child indicates that the:
Select one:
A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted.
B. child is in severe decompensated shock.
C. oxygen content in the blood is decreased.
D. child’s core body temperature is elevated.

Answer 8

A. blood vessels near the skin are constricted.

Question 9

Signs and symptoms of meningitis in the infant or child include all of the following, EXCEPT:
Select one:
A. a stiff or painful neck.
B. headache and fever.
C. altered mental status.
D. sunken fontanelles.

Answer 9

D. sunken fontanelles.

Question 10

The first month of life after birth is referred to as the:
Select one:
A. toddler period.
B. start of infancy.
C. neonatal period.
D. premature phase.

Answer 10

C. neonatal period.

Question 11

The purpose of the pediatric assessment triangle (PAT) is to:
Select one:
A. determine if the child’s vital signs are within the age-appropriate limits.
B. facilitate a rapid head-to-toe assessment of the child by visualization only.
C. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.
D. gather critical data by performing a rapid hands-on assessment of the child.

Answer 11

C. allow you to rapidly and visually form a general impression of the child.

Question 12

Unless he or she is critically ill or injured, you should generally begin your assessment of a toddler:
Select one:
A. at the feet.
B. in the ambulance.
C. at the head.
D. en route to the hospital.

Answer 12

A. at the feet.

Question 13

When a child is struck by a car, the area of greatest injury depends MOSTLY on the:
Select one:
A. height of the child and the speed at which the car was traveling.
B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.
C. size of the child and the height of the bumper upon impact.
D. speed at which the car was traveling when impact occurred.

Answer 13

B. age of the child and the size of the car that struck him or her.

Question 14

When assessing an 8-year-old child, you should:
Select one:
A. refrain from taking a blood pressure.
B. use a toe-to-head assessment approach.
C. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.
D. rely solely on the parent for information.

Answer 14

C. talk to the child, not just the caregiver.

Question 15

When caring for a female child who has possibly been sexually abused, you should:
Select one:
A. carefully examine the genitalia for signs of injury.
B. immediately report your suspicions to the parents.
C. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.
D. encourage the child to urinate and take a shower.

Answer 15

C. have a female EMT remain with her if possible.

Question 16

When questioning the parent of a child who ingested a poisonous substance, which of the following questions would be of LEAST pertinence initially?
Select one:
A. Have you noticed any signs or symptoms?
B. What time did the ingestion occur?
C. Do you know what substance was ingested?
D. Why did your child ingest the poison?

Answer 16

D. Why did your child ingest the poison?

Question 17

Which of the following findings is LEAST suggestive of child abuse?
Select one:
A. Evidence of alcohol consumption or drug use at the scene
B. Burns to the hands or feet that involve a glove distribution
C. An unexplained delay in seeking medical care after the injury
D. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Answer 17

D. Consistency in the method of injury reported by the caregiver

Question 18

Which of the following statements regarding sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) is correct?
Select one:
A. SIDS is most commonly the result of an overwhelming infection.
B. Certain cases of SIDS are predictable and therefore preventable.
C. The cause of death following SIDS can be established by autopsy.
D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

Answer 18

D. Death as a result of SIDS can occur at any time of the day or night.

Question 19

While triaging patients at the scene of a motor-vehicle crash, you encounter a 5-year-old child who is unresponsive and apneic. After positioning his airway, you should:
Select one:
A. palpate for a carotid pulse.
B. categorize him as immediate.
C. categorize him as deceased.
D. deliver 5 rescue breaths.

Answer 19

A. palpate for a carotid pulse.

Question 20

You are dispatched to a residence for a child with respiratory distress. The patient, an 18-month-old female, is tachypneic, has sternal retractions, and is clinging to her mother. Her skin is pink and dry, and her heart rate is 120 beats/min. The MOST appropriate treatment for this child includes:
Select one:
A. requesting a paramedic ambulance to insert an advanced airway device.
B. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.
C. separating the child from her mother and providing ventilatory assistance.
D. allowing the child to remain with her mother and applying a nasal cannula.

Answer 20

B. administering blow-by oxygen and transporting the child with her mother.