Chapter 34 Employment Law

Question 1

Employment at will

Answer 1

Either party may terminate the employment relationship at any time and for any reason, unless doing so violates an employee’s statutory or contractual rights

Question 2

Child labor under 14yo

Answer 2

Can deliver newspapers, work for their parents, and be employed in entertainment and (with some exceptions) agriculture

Question 3

Child labor 14-15yo

Answer 3

Can work but not hazardous and with time and hour restrictions

Question 4

Child labor 16-18yo

Answer 4

No time or hour constraint but not hazardous

Question 5

Child labor 18+

Answer 5

No restrictions

Question 6

Tipped workers

Answer 6

Employers required to pay only $2.13 an hour in direct wages—if that amount, plus the tips received, equals at least the federal minimum wage

Question 7

WARN Act

Answer 7

Requires these employers to provide sixty days’ notice before implementing a mass layoff or closing a plant that employs more than fifty full-time workers
- Applies to employers with at least one hundred full-time employees

Question 8

Mass layoff

Answer 8

A layoff of at least one-third of the full-time employees at a particular job site

Question 9

Key employee

Answer 9

An employee whose pay falls within the top 10 percent of the firm’s workforce

Question 10

H-2 visa

Answer 10

Workers performing agricultural labor of a seasonal nature

Question 11

O visa

Answer 11

杰出人才

Question 12

L visa

Answer 12

A company’s foreign managers or executives to work inside the United States

Question 13

E visa

Answer 13

Entry of certain foreign investors or entrepreneurs

Question 14

Norris-LaGuardia Act

Answer 14

Protect peaceful strikes, picketing, and boycotts

Question 15

Cease-and-desist order

Answer 15

Issued by NLRB to compel the employer to stop engaging in the unfair practices

Question 16

Labor­Management Relations Act

Answer 16

Prohibit certain unfair union practices

Question 17

Closed shop

Answer 17

A firm that requires union membership as a condition of employment

Question 18

Union shop

Answer 18

Require that workers join the union after a specified time on the job

Question 19

Featherbedding

Answer 19

Causing employers to hire more employees than necessary
- Prohibited under LMRA

Question 20

Right-to-work laws

Answer 20

Laws making it illegal for union membership to be required for continued employment in any establishment
- Making union shop illegal under this

Question 21

Labor­Management Reporting and Disclosure Act

Answer 21

Established an employee bill of rights and reporting requirements for union activities

Question 22

Hot-cargo agreements

Answer 22

Employers voluntarily agree with unions not to handle, use, or deal in goods of other employers produced by nonunion employees

Question 23

Union election

Answer 23

When the employer does not voluntarily recognize the union or if less than a majority of the workers sign authorization cards

Question 24

Collective bargaining

Answer 24

The process by which labor and management negotiate the terms and conditions of employment

Question 25

Exclusive bargaining representative

Answer 25

If the NLRB certifies the union, the union becomes the exclusive bargaining representative of the workers

Question 26

Secondary boycott

Answer 26

Illegal strike that is directed against someone other than the strikers’ employer, such as companies that sell materials to the employer

Question 27

Lockouts

Answer 27

Employer shuts down to prevent employees from working