chapter 33-infection control

Question 1

what is normal flora known as?

Answer 1

“good bacteria” (found on skin, in urinary, respiratory, and GI tracts)

Question 2

what are the 4 main types of microorganisms?

Answer 2

bacteria, fungi, protozoa, viruses

Question 3

the bacteria that requires oxygen is known as…

Answer 3

aerobic

Question 4

touching a contaminated object or another human is known as…

Answer 4

direct contact

Question 5

what are the 6 stages of infection?

Answer 5

invasion, multiplication, incubation period, prodormal period, acute period, and recovery period.

Question 6

invasion

Answer 6

pathogen enters the body through portal of entry

Question 7

multiplication

Answer 7

reproduction of pathogens

Question 8

incubation period

Answer 8

the time that the disease is developing, but no symptoms appear.

Question 9

prodormal period

Answer 9

first, mild signs and symptoms appear; highly contagious.

Question 10

acute period

Answer 10

signs and symptoms begin to subside.

Question 11

infections that are acquired while at a medical facility are known as…

Answer 11

nonsocomial infections

Question 12

what are the 4 cardinal signs of inflammation?

Answer 12

redness, heat, swelling, pain.

Question 13

what causes redness during the inflammatory response to infection?

Answer 13

blood vessels dilate and allow more blood (RBC) into the inflamed area.

Question 14

list the conditions required for bacterial growth:

Answer 14

moisture, temperature, oxygen, darkness.

Question 15

the chain of infection:

Answer 15

reservoir host, portal of exit, means of transmission, portal of entry, susceptible host.

Question 16

aesepsis:

Answer 16

the state of being free from germs, infection, and microbial life.

Question 17

pathogens:

Answer 17

disease-producing organisms.

Question 18

what are “super-bugs”?

Answer 18

strains of bacteria that become resistant to antibiotic drugs.

Question 19

what makes a person a susceptible host?

Answer 19

poor health, poor hygiene, poor nutrition, increased stress levels.

Question 20

what is the theory of universal precaution?

Answer 20

treat all blood and bodily fluids as if they are contaminated.

Question 21

which bodily fluid is an exception to the use of standard precautions?

Answer 21

sweat.

Question 22

what are 2 questions you should ask a patient at each visit?

Answer 22

any allergies?

any sensitivity to latex?

Question 23

what is the number one way to prevent the transmission of microorganisms?

Answer 23

hand hygiene.