Chapter 32- CV/lymphatic

Question 1

Normal pericardial fluid amount

Answer 1

18 ml

Question 2

Ventricular thickness - left

Answer 2

12-15 mm

Question 3

Ventricular thickness - right

Answer 3

4-5 mm

Question 4

Atrioventricular valves

Answer 4

TRICUSPID (rh)
MITRAL (lh)

Question 5

Semilunar valves

Answer 5

AORTIC
PULMONIC

Question 6

Coronary artery main branches

Answer 6

LCA
LAD
CIRC
RCA

Question 7

LCA divides into …

Answer 7

LAD , CIRC
origin begins aortic valve

Question 8

LAD feeds…

Answer 8

Left and RV, IVS, down anterior ivs surface to apex

Question 9

CIRC feeds…

Answer 9

Travels in groove separating RV/LV. Left heart border, LA, lateral LV

Question 10

RCA feeds , location

Answer 10

R aortic cusp origin
Feeds right heart to posterior surface of atrium and ventricle

Question 11

Normal ekg values and meaning : PR

Answer 11

Atrial to ventricular activation time
0.12- .20 sec

Question 12

QRS interval and meaning

Answer 12

Ventricular depolarization
0.06 to 0.10 sec

Question 13

ST meaning

Answer 13

Neutral period of ventricle

Question 14

QT interval and meaning

Answer 14

Ventricular time from depolarization to repolarization
(0.04 to 0.44)

Question 15

B1 receptor locations

Answer 15

Mostly in heart ❤️, SA/AV nodes, myocardium

Question 16

B2 Receptor locations

Answer 16

Heart ❤️ and smooth muscle

Question 17

Four factors influencing CO

Answer 17

Preload
Afterload
Contractility
Heart ❤️ rate

Question 18

What is preload

Answer 18

Volume in ventricle at end diastole

Question 19

Factors affecting preload

Answer 19

Venous return
End systolic volume

Question 20

Normal CVP
Normal PAWP

Answer 20

Cvp 1-5
PAWP 4-12

Question 21

Normal PAWP

Answer 21

4-12

Question 22

What is primarily the driver of resting HR

Answer 22

Vagus nerve

Question 23

CARDIAC CONTROL CENTERS

Answer 23

CV VASOMOTOR
BARORECEPTORS
HORMONES/biochemicals
ATRIAL RECEPTORS

Question 24

CV vasomotor control center components

Answer 24

PONS, Medulla, hypothalamus, cortex, thalamus

Question 25

Baroreceptor reflex is where

Answer 25

Aortic arch Carotids

Question 26

Decreased BP stimulates baroreceptors to do what

Answer 26

⬆️ HR ⬆️ CONTRACTILITY ⬆️vasoconstriction arterioles

Question 27

Increased BP stimulates baroreceptors to do what

Answer 27

Stimulate glossoph. Nerve from carotid to vagus to medulla ⬇️ HR ⬆️ dilation (⬇️BP)

Question 28

Atrial receptors are where

Answer 28

Entrance to atria for vena cava , pulmonary veins innervated by vagus Also increase urine output

Question 29

Hormones and biochemicals & CV:

Answer 29

Norepinephrine , epi, hydrocortisone, thyroid hormone ⬆️ myocardial changes and ⬆️ calcium Thyroid hormone ⬇️ causes hypotension and bradycardia

Question 30

Map:

Answer 30

SBP + twice the DBP

Question 31

Normal pulse pressure

Answer 31

(Systolic minus diastolic ) 40 to 50

Question 32

Atrial chemoreceptors sensitive to:

Answer 32

PaO2, PaCo2, pH 🫁important for RR control 🙌🏻Signals medulla

Question 33

Vasoconstriction hormones

Answer 33

Angiotensin 2 Vasopressin Epi, norepi

Question 34

Vasodilator hormones

Answer 34

Natriuretic peptides : ANP, BNP, CNP urodilatin

Question 35

Nitrous oxide is crucial for:

Answer 35

Endothelial stability

Question 36

Lymphatic system xports what

Answer 36

Lymphocytes Antigen presenting cells

Question 37

Lymphatic fluid is mostly…

Answer 37

Water Protein (albumin ) From interstitial Space

Question 38

Lymphatic ducts In thorax :

Answer 38

Right lymphatic duct: r arm, head and thorax  Thoracic duct : remainder of body BOTH DRAIN INTO SUBCLAVIANS