Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Emergency Care In The Streets > Chapter 32 - Burns > Flashcards

Chapter 32 - Burns Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Royal College: Emergency Medicine flashcards
1
Q

Skin has 4 functions

A
  1. Protection from the environment
  2. Regulates temperature and fluid
  3. Sensory nerves that communicate with the brain
    4. Responds to injury with inflammation
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What challenges do burn victims have after they have healed?

There are 2 primes challenges

A

**Difficulty with thermoregulation due to **
1. Inability to sweat
2. Impaired vasoconstriction and vasodilation

**Little or no sensation **

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Which burn zone is the central area of the skin that suffers the most damage?

a. Zone of coagulation
b. Zone of stasis
c. Zone of hyperemia
d. Zone of hypoemia

A

a. Zone of coagulation

pg 1642

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Which burn zone is the area least affected by the thermal injury?

a. Zone of coagulation
b. Zone of stasis
c. Zone of hyperemia
d. Zone of hypoemia

A

c. Zone of hyperemia

pg 1643

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the man challange of the Zone of stasis?

a. There is little or no blood low to the injured tissue in this area
b. This area may undergo tissue necrosis within 24to 48hours after the injury
c. Cells will typically recover in 7 to 10 days, but are suspectible to infection untl healed fully.

A

b. This area may undergo tissue necrosis within 24to 48hours after the injury

pg 1643

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

How long does a superficial burn take to heal?

A

3-7 days

pg 1644

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

How long does it take for a full thickness burn to heal?

A

This is incapable of self-regeneration on its own.

The basement membrane layer that creates dermal is burned away.

pg 1644

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the infant’s head percentage?

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the infant’s left leg (whole extremity) percentage?

A

13.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the infant’s right arm (whole extremity) percentage?

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the child head percentage?

A

12

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the child’s left leg (whole extremity) percentage?

A

16.5

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the childs’s right arm (whole extremity) percentage?

A

9

Same as Infant

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the adults head percentage?

A

9

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Rule of Nines

What is the adults’s left leg (whole extremity) percentage?

A

18

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Major Burn

Full-thickness burns covering more than ____% of the TBSA
a.10%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. 25%

A

a.10%

pg 1649

17
Q

Major Burn 10-50 years old

Partial-thickness burns covering more than ____%:

a.10%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. 25%

A

d. 25%

pg 1649

18
Q

Major Burn < 10 or > 50 years old

Partial-thickness burns covering more than ____%:

a.10%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. 25%

A

c. 20%

pg 1649

19
Q

Supericial burns covering more than 50% of the TBSA are considered:

a. Severe Burn
b. Moderate Burn
c. Minor Burn
d. Not considered on the Burn Classifiactions

A

b. Moderate Burn

20
Q

Supericial burns covering more than ____% of the TBSA are considered Moderate Burns

a. 25%
b. 40%
c. 45%
d. 50%

A

d. 50%

21
Q

Transport patients with more than ____% of the TBSA
a. 10%
b. 15%
c. 20%
d. 25%

A

a. 10%

22
Q

What is the Consensus formula (Parkland)?

A

2 to 4 mL × weight (kg) × % TBSA

Half is given during first 8 hours.
Half is given over the subsequent 16 hours.

23
Q

If an acutely burned patient entries hypovolemic shock in the field, what should you look for?

A

Look for another injury as the source of shock.

pg 1654

24
Q

If an acutely burned patient entries hypovolemic shock in the field, what should you look for?

A

Look for another injury as the source of shock.

pg 1654

25
Q

Treatment for burn from Dry Lime (Base/Alkali)

A
  1. Brush as much lime as you can from the skin (wear gloves)!
    2.Then start flushing copiously with a garden hose or shower. (Your intention is to completely overwhelm any damaging chemical reaction with a deluge of water.)

If you add water first, the burn will get worse.

pg 1657

26
Q

Treatment for burn from Sodium Metals

A

Cover the burn with oil.

Sodium mettal produc heat when mixed with water & may explode.

pg 1657

27
Q

Treatment for burns from Hydrofluoric acid

A
  • Calcium gluconate gel
  • Calcium chloride (CaCl) jelly
  • May require IV Calcium admin
28
Q

Treatment for burns from Hot Tar

A

Immerse in cold water to cool tar

29
Q

What are vesicants?

A

Blister producing agents.
Respiratory comproise if inhaled

30
Q

Examples of vesicants

A

Lewisite
Sulfur mustard (mustard gas)
Phosgene oxime

31
Q

Treatment for vesicants

A
  1. Decontaminated (usually by soap and copious amounts of water) before XABCDE
  2. There are no antidotes for sulfur mustard or phosgene oxime exposure. British anti-lewisite (BAL) is the antidote for lewisite (military).

These are absorbed through skin in seconds. PPE

32
Q

Characteristic bull’s-eye lesion at Electrical Burn sites, with a central, _ _ _ _ _ _ ; a middle zone of _ _ _ _ _ _ cold, gray, dry tissue; and an outer, _ _ _ _ _ _ .

A
  1. charred zone of full-thickness burns
  2. cold, gray, dry tissue
  3. red zone of coagulation necrosis
33
Q

What kind of injury does an acid burn produce?

A
  • Causes immediate pain
  • Coagulation necrosis
  • Deeper tissue typically not injured
34
Q

What treatment is indicasted for an acid burn?

A
  1. Begin lushing the exposed area of the patient’s body immediately with copious quantities of water
  2. Once you think washing is done. Wash the body again, with mild detergent (dishwashing liquid) GENTLY
35
Q

What kind of injury does a(an) base/alkali burn produce?

A
  • Causes little pain
  • Extensive damage by liquefaction necrosis:
      • (breakdown of protein and collagen, saponiication of fats, dehydration of tissues, thrombosis of blood vessels)
36
Q

What kind of injury does an oxydizing agent burn produce?

A
  • Exothermic (heat) reaction
  • Tissue destruction
  • Could cause systemic poisoning
37
Q

What kind of injury does a Phosphorus burn produce?

A
  • Burns when exposed to air
  • Could cause systemic poisoning
38
Q

What kind of injury does a vesicant burn produce?

A
  • Blister agents
  • Respiratory compromise if inhaled

Emergency Care In The Streets (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions