Chapter 31.1 & 31.2

Question 1

supernova

Answer 1

a gigantic explosion in which the temperature within the collapsing star is 10 billion K and the atomic nuclei in the core split into neutrons and protons

Question 2

neutron star

Answer 2

the ball of neutrons left behind after the explosion of a star

Question 3

constellation

Answer 3

a group of stars given a name from ancient culture

Question 4

radio telescope

Answer 4

collects and amplifies radio waves

Question 5

light-year

Answer 5

the distance light travels in one year

Question 6

spectroscope

Answer 6

uses a prism or diffraction grating separate light into its component wavelengths

Question 7

nebula

Answer 7

a large cloud of dust, ice, and gas

Question 8

main sequence

Answer 8

star classification on the H-R diagram.

Question 9

giant star

Answer 9

the evolution of a star caused by the core contracting and the temperature increasing

Question 10

white dwarf

Answer 10

forms as the core of a giant star no longer supports fusion and the star’s outer layer escaping into space

Question 11

black hole

Answer 11

an area so dense that nothing can escape the pull of gravity

Question 12

photosphere

Answer 12

the layer of the sun that emits light into space

Question 13

sunspots

Answer 13

dark cool areas in the photosphere where the Sun’s magnetic field has weakened

Question 14

How did the constellations get their names?

Answer 14

Characters in stories, animals, & tools

Question 15

What is the constellation name for The Great Hunter?

Answer 15

Orion’s Belt

Question 16

What are the names of Orion’s dogs?

Answer 16

Canis Major and Canis Minor

Question 17

What does Canis Major mean?

Answer 17

Big dog

Question 18

What does Canis Minor mean?

Answer 18

Little dog

Question 19

How many basic optical telescopes are there?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

What does a refracting telescope use?

Answer 20

Convex lenses

Question 21

What does a reflecting telescope use?

Answer 21

Concave mirror

Question 22

What are the two types of the optical telescopes?

Answer 22

Reflecting and Refracting

Question 23

What can a spectroscope determine about a star?

Answer 23

The star’s chemical composition, its surface temperature, & whether or not the star is moving closer or further away from the Earth

Question 24

Which wavelengths are blue?

Answer 24

The ones closer to earth. (close and frequent)

Question 25

Which wavelengths are red?

Answer 25

The ones further away from the earth (further and less frequent)

Question 26

How are space telescopes more effective than ground telescopes?

Answer 26

The images are not distorted by the atmosphere

Question 27

What are the names of the two space telescopes?

Answer 27

Chandra X-Ray and the Spitzer Space Telescope

Question 28

How fast does light travel in space?

Answer 28

300,000 km/s