Chapter 31- Memory Flashcards
what are the two types of memory ?
declarative and non-declarative
what is declarative memory ? what are its two subcategories
conscious thought
1) episodic (specific event linked to personal experience)
2) semantic (facts)
what is the relationship between association and memory storage ?
the more association, the better memory will be
how is the relationship between association and memory storage evident in a chess experiment ?
when pro chess players were asked to memorize a chess board, harder if the pieces are randomly put down
what is more important- the location or size of the lesion on memory ?
size - location has little effect on ability of rat to navigate a maze
what happened to HM when he got his hippocampus and amygdala removed ?
no more declarative memory
could only form non declarative
what sleep period is important for memory ?
REM
what technique permits someone to turn on/off neurons ?
optogenetics
can turn off REM sleep
what does habit learning look like for HM (temporal lobe and hippocampus removal)
can learn non-declarative memory, but can’t remember learning the skills
how is the visual cortex reactivated during memories ?
the same areas activated in vision can partly be reconstructed and reactivated in memory
what effect does the basal ganglia have in nondeclarative memory ? how would we know ?
basal ganglia has effect on sequential memory with temporal associations
for example, Parkinson’s patients are a lot worse at remembering a sequence completely than patients on L-DOPA and controls
how is the storage for declarative memories different from the storage for nondeclarative memories ?
non declarative memories take more practice, it’s not like a snapshot
where is the storage for non-declarative info ?
sites related to motor behavior
where is the storage for declarative info ?
cortical sites
what is the main challenge and info to process when hitting a target ?
not location of target, but capacity to control movement and representation on motor cortex
