Chapter 31

Question 1

Pharmacokinetics

Answer 1

Study of how drugs enter the body, reach their site of action, are metabolized, and exit from the body

Question 2

What are the three names of drugs?

Answer 2

Chemical, generic, trade

Question 3

Chemical Drug name

Answer 3

Provides the exact description of medication’s composition

Question 4

Generic drug name

Answer 4

The manufacturer who first develops the drug assigns the name

Question 5

Trade

Answer 5

Also known as brand or proprietary name. The name under which a manufacturer markets the medication.

Question 6

Lasix

Answer 6

Diuretic that depletes potassium

Question 7

Pharmacokinetics (ADME)

Answer 7

Absorption, Distribution, Metabolization, Excretion

Question 8

Factors that influence absorption

Answer 8

Route of administration, ability to dissolve, blood flow to site of administration, body surface area, lipid solubility of medication

Question 9

Distribution depends on

Answer 9

Physical and chemical properties of the medication, physiology of person taking it

Question 10

Biotransformation

Answer 10

Occurs under the influence of enzymes that detoxify, break down, and remove active chemicals

Question 11

Types of medication action

Answer 11

Therapeutic effect, adverse effect, idiosyncratic reaction, side effect, toxic effect, allergic reaction

Question 12

Therapeutic affect

Answer 12

Expected or predicted physiological response

Question 13

Adverse effect

Answer 13

Unintended, undesirable, often predictable

Question 14

Toxic effect

Answer 14

Accumulation of medication in the bloodstream

Question 15

Idiosyncratic reaction

Answer 15

Overreaction or under-reaction or different reaction from normal

Question 16

Allergic reaction

Answer 16

Unpredictable response to a medication

Question 17

Epi pen

Answer 17

Epinephrin pen used for anaphylactic shock

Question 18

Synergistic effect

Answer 18

Occurs when the combined effects of two medications is greater than the effect of the medications given separately

Question 19

Dilantin

Answer 19

Epilepsy drug

Question 20

Medication Dose Responses

Answer 20

Onset, Trough, Plateau, Peak, Duration, Biological half-life

Question 21

Onset

Answer 21

Time it takes for a medication to produce a response

Question 22

Trough

Answer 22

Minimum Blood serum concentration before next scheduled dose

Question 23

Plateau

Answer 23

Point at which blood serum concentration is reached and maintained

Question 24

Peak

Answer 24

Time at which a medication reaches its highest effective concentration

Question 25

Duration

Answer 25

Time medication takes to produce greatest results

Question 26

Biological half-life

Answer 26

Time for serum medication concentration to be halved

Question 27

Given 30 min before medication

Answer 27

Trough

Question 28

Taken 1 hour after medication

Answer 28

Peak

Question 29

Routes of administration

Answer 29

Oral, topical, inhalation, Parenteral, Intraocular

Question 30

If orders are given verbally or over the phone the doctor has how long to sign the order?

Answer 30

24 hours

Question 31

Types of orders in Acute care

Answer 31

Standing or routine, single (one-time), Now, prn, STAT, Prescriptions

Question 32

Standing or routine

Answer 32

Administered until the dosage is changed or another medication is prescribed

Question 33

Single (one time)

Answer 33

Given one time only for a specific reason

Question 34

Now

Answer 34

When a medication is needed right away but not STAT

Question 35

prn

Answer 35

Given when the patient requires it

Question 36

STAT

Answer 36

Given immediately in an emergency

Question 37

Prescriptions

Answer 37

Medication to be taken outside of the hospital

Question 38

Pharmacist’s Role ( medication administration)

Answer 38

Prepares and distributes medication

Question 39

Nurse’s Role (medication administration)

Answer 39

Assess patient’s ability to self-administer, determine whether patient should receive, administer medication correctly, and closely monitor effects; do not delegate this task

Question 40

How many times and when do you check patient meds

Answer 40

3 times and when taken from the drawer, before being put into a cup and before being given to the patient

Question 41

When do you open the medicine

Answer 41

at the bed side

Question 42

When should all medication errors be reported

Answer 42

immediately

Question 43

When should medication administration be documented

Answer 43

Immediately after being given

Question 44

Six Rights of medication administration

Answer 44

medication, dose, patient, route, time, documentation

Question 45

Polypharmacy

Answer 45

When patient takes two or more medications to treat the same illness